musculoskeletal exam 2 Flashcards

pain might improve but weakness remains

-encourage patient to stretch, rest, follow up with any physical therapy

anterior cruciate ligament

-pivot, sudden stop, landing injury

-management brace, pain/swelling control, rehabilitation plan.

-safety: preventing falls, clear on safety, and getting around

quadriceps bent knee exercises and foot exercises

twisting with knee flexed and weight bearing.

-joint like pain, catching/locking, clicking, swelling.

sudden push off, jumping, pivoting.

• sudden posterior ankle/calf pain, cannot stand on toes
• high risk of falls, limited mobility
• side effect- can cause tendonitis

inflammation of a bursa (the saclike structures that line freely moveable joints) from overuse or pressure

-rest, ice, activity modification

the most common foot problem. it is a painful swelling of the bursa that occurs in the great toe, at the metatarsal joint

compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist.

-pain, numbness, and tingling

think circulation!!!!

• pins, nails, or metal plates to stabilize the portion of the two broke ends

massive open fractures with extensive soft-tissue damage infected fractures that do not heal properly

-multiple trauma such as burns, chest injury, or head injury

• neuromuscular checks and pain control
• pain-site care per facility protocol
• mobility assistance and fall prevention
• physical therapy and occupational therapy plan

• caused by peroneal damage
• unable to dorsiflex foot- foot drags when walking

• degenerative joint disease (cartilage breakdown in joints)
• pain worse with use; brief stiffness after inactivity, joint deformity
• management: pacing, strengthening, low impact exercise

• autoimmune joint disease with systemic effects
• symmetric joint swelling and warmth
• prolonged morning stiffness and fatigue
• goal: reduce inflammation and preserve function

• inflammation from high levels of rate crystal deposition
• sudden severe pain, swelling, redness (often great toe)

tight reddened skin over an inflamed, edematous joint accompanied by elevated temperature snd extreme pain in the joint,

elevated serum uric acid

decreased bone density- increased fracture risk

-often silent until fracture or height loss

take with water and remain upright

• causes: spirochete, transmitted by the bite of a deer tick

abnormal bone remodeling (weak bones)

; pain and fracture risk

• bone tumors: pain , swelling and warmth

cancer in the bones

• preoperative teaching: mobility plam, pain plan, breathing
• postoperative teaching: neurovacqlar checks and pain control

neurovascular checks

hip dislocation

lower-limb amputations are related to peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus and resultant gangrene, severe trauma, malignancy, congenital defects and military injuries from shrapnel and land mines

brought on by crushing blows, thermal, and electrical burns, severe lacerations, vasospastic disease, malignancy, and infection

• monitor dressing and drainage, vital signs and perfusion
• protect skin and incision; follow dressing orders
• prevent contractures with correct positioning
• encourage mobility plan and strengthening as ordered
• phantom limb sensations

hemmorage / bleeding , number one priority

• requires proper stump healing and shaping
• physical therapy essential for mobility
• goal: restore indépendence and ADL'S
• below knee amupations have better outcomes than above knee
• patient education critical for success

• rinse only to remove visible debris
• wrap in clean damp cloth; seal in waterproof bag/waterproof
• keep cool in ice-water mixture (do not freeze)
• label and transport with the patient