Longitudinal Fissure
is the deep groove that separates the right and left hemispheres of the brain.
Transverse Fissure
is the deep groove that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.
Gyri
are the raised ridges or folds on the surface of the brain.
Sulci
(space in between)
are the shallow grooves or indentations between the gyri of the brain.
The frontal lobes are responsible for
motor activities, conscious thought, and speech, personality, planning, and impulsiveness
Posterior to the frontal lobe
The parietal lobe are responsible for
body sense, perception, and understanding language
Occipital lobe
responsible for vision
temporal lobes
involved in hearing and the integration of sensory information and memory
The insula
known as the 5th lobe, help coordinate autonomic(visceral) functions, emotion processing, taste perception, interoception(awareness of internal body sensations), Pain perception, Anxiety & addiction pathways, It connects emotional experience with physical sensations.
precentral gyrus
is the primary motor cortex of the brain.
It controls voluntary skeletal muscle movement, Sends signals to skeletal muscles, Contains the motor homunculus
postcentral gyrus
is the primary somatosensory cortex of the brain.
It is responsible for processing sensory information from the body
Brocas area located in the frontal lobe
controls motor output for speech
Wernickes area located in the parietal and temporal lobes
controls sensory aspects of language, including understanding
Cerebellum
posterior to the brain stem and plays an important role in sensory and motor coordination, balance, and cognitive functions
The brain stem last part
Medulla oblongata
responsible for impulses that control heartbeat, breathing, and the muscle tone in blood vessels, which controls blood pressure
The brain stem
Superior to the medulla oblongata
The pons
connects the medulla oblongata and the cerebellum with the upper portions of the brain, they also play a role in breathing
The brain stem
Top of the brain stem
midbrain
acts as a two way conduction pathway to relay visual and auditory impulses and other information to the cerebrum
The brain stem
receives sensory information and contains control systems for vital functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing, this controls the vital functions of life
The four fluid filled cavities in the brain are called
ventricles, they allow for the culation of cerebrospinal fluid throughout the brain
The corpus callosum
thick band of white matter fibers that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres, It allows the two sides of the brain to communicate and share information.
The thalamus
replays and processes information going to the cerebrum
Hypothalamus
regulates hormone levels, temperature, water balance, thirst, appetite, sleep wake cycles and some emotions( pleasure and fear); regulates the pituitary gland and controls the endocrine system
Pineal Body
responsible for secretion of melatonin(body clock)
Pituitary gland
secretes hormones for various functions
The basal nuclei are
clusters of gray matter located deep within the cerebral hemispheres.
Somatic sensory system
provides sensory input for your nervous system to
Somatic sensation
allows you to feel the world around you
crude touch, vibration, pain, temperature, and body position
Somatic nervous system
controls voluntary movements under orders from the cerebral cortex
Limbic system
controls emotion and mood
The basal nuclei (also called basal ganglia) are
are deep clusters of gray matter that help control and fine-tune movement.
The thalmus, basal nuclei, and cerebellum are all apart of the
motor coordination loop
Limbuc system
mood, emotion and memory
Stoke or Cerebral Vascular accident(CVA)
is caused by disruption of blood flow to a portion of the brain due to either hemorrhage or blood clot
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
It happens when there is a temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain, but the blockage resolves before permanent damage occurs.
huntingtins disease
a progressive disorder causing deterioration of neurons in the basal nuclei and eventually of the cerebral cortex