BSC Heart and Blood Flashcards

Components of the blood

_________ components of the blood that is composed by waste nutrients and help to transport blood cells

Three types of blood cells

Red blood Cells( RBCs) Erythrocytes main function

Patelets ( thrombocytes)

There are 5 types of WBCs( Leukocytes) but they are 3 types Granulocytes and 2 types Agranulocytes .

Write the name of the 5 WBCS in each gruop

Which WBCs are

multi-lobe

the most common WBCs

phagocytocis ( kill bacteria)

Identify the WBCs that:

Nucleus S or U shape

Dark purple

Release Histamine and heparin that are involve in allergic reactions and inflammation

Identify the WBCs that:

Nucleus has two lobes

attack parasit

WBCs Agranulocytes that:

Produce antibodies or attack bateria directly, found in the lymph tissues

Largest WBCs work against viruses and are associated with chronic deseases

1. Select the correct statement about cardiac output

A - Stroke volume increases if end diastolic volume decreases.

B- If a semilunar valve were partially obstructed, the end systolic volume in the affected
ventride would be decreased.

C – A slower heart rate increases end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of
contraction.

D- Decreased venous return will result in increased end diastolic volume.

Site where the velocity of blood flow is fastest and site where blood pressure is greatest.

Site where the blood volume is greatest and

Site where the blood pressure is lowest.

Site where the resistance to blood flow is greatest and

Site that is the major determinant of peripheral resistance.

Site where the velocity of the blood flow is slowest and Site where
exchanges of food and gases are made.

If cardiac muscle is deprived of its normal blood supply, damage would primarily
result from _____________.

A) decreased delivery of oxygen

B) a decrease in the number of available mitochondria for energy production

C) a lack of nutrients to feed into metabolic pathways

D) an inadequate supply of lactic acid

All of the following conditions impair coagulation except ___________.
A) liver disease
B) severe hypocalcemia
C) vitamin K deficiency
D) vascular spasm

The point in the conduction system of the heart where the impulse is temporarily delayed.

Found in the interventricular septum

The pacemaker of the heart.

Network found in the ventricular myocardium

Which of the following is not one of the three main factors influencing blood pressure?
A) cardiac output B) peripheral resistance
C) digestion D) blood volume

Norepinephrine acts on the heart by ________.
A) decreasing heart contractility C) increasing heart rate
B) causing a decrease in stroke volume D) decreasing heart rate

Factors that aid venous return include all except ________.
A) activity of skeletal muscles

B) pressure changes in the thoraxC) venous valves

D) urinary output

The baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch are sensitive to which of the
following?
A) Changes in arterial pressure

B) a decrease in oxygen levels

C) a decrease in carbon dioxide

D) an increase in oxygen levels

Which of the following would not result in the dilation of the feeder arterioles and opening of the precapillary sphicters in systemic capillary beds?
A) an increase in local tissue carbon
B) a decrease in local tissue oxygen content
C) a local increase in pH
D) a local increase in histamine

The short-term controls of blood pressure, mediated by the nervous system and blood borne chemicals, do not primarily operate via ________.
A) reflex arcs involving baroreceptors
B) altering blood volume
C) reflex arcs associated with vasomotor fibers
D) chemoreceptors

Which of the events does not occur when the semilunar valves are open?
A) AV valves are closed
B) Blood ensue pulmonary arteries and the aorta
C) Ventricles are in systole
D) Ventricles are in diastole

Peripheral resistance ___________.
A) Increases as blood viscosity increases

B) Increases as blood vessel diameter increases

C) Decreases with increasing length of the blood vessel

D) Is not a major factor in blood pressure in healthy individuals.

Organize is correct sequence the following events?
1. Fibrinogen à fibrin
2. Clot retraction
3. Formation of Thromboplastin
4. prothrombin à thrombin

Which of the following is not a phase of the hemostasis?
A) Coagulation
B) Vascular Spasm
C) Fibrinolisys
D) Platelet plug formation

Isovolumetric contraction ________________ .
A) occurs while the AV valves are open
B) refers to the short period during ventricular systole when the ventricles are
completely closed chambers
C) occurs only in people with heart valve defects
D) occurs immediately after the aortic and pulmonary valves close

Platelets ____________.
A) have multiple nucleus
B) are the precursors of leukocytes
C) stick to the damage area of a blood vessel and help seal the break
D) have a life spam of about 120 days

The P wave of a normal electrocardiogram indicates _________.
A) Atrial depolarization
B) Ventricular repolarization
C) Ventricular depolarization
D) Atrial repolarization

Blood Cells that nucleus has two lobes, contains granules of lysosomal enzymes, functions in
attacking parasitic worms

Blood Cells that Contain a U- or an S- shaped nucleus, granules stain very dark, releases histamine
and heparin that are involve in allergic reactions and inflammation

Blood Cells that Transports oxygen and also carbon dioxide.

Largest of the WBCs, crucial in defense against viruses, associated with chronic
infections.

Nucleus is multilobed, functions as phagocyte, contains fine indistinct granules.

If the vagal nerves in the heart were cut, the result would be that _________.
A) the AV node would become the pacemaker of the heart
B) the heart would stop, since the vagal nerves trigger the heart to contract
C) parasympathetic stimulation would increase, causing a decrease in heart rate
D) the heart rate would increase by about 25 beats per minute

The influence of blood vessel diameter on peripheral resistance is __________.
A) significant because resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power
the vessel radius
B) insignificant because vessel diameter does not vary
C) significant because resistance is directly proportional to the blood vessel diameter
D) the only factor that influences resistance

Which of the following factors does not influence heart rate?
A) gender
B) age
C) skin color
D) body temperature

Which of the choices below reflects the balance (or imbalance) between the direction and amount of fluid that flows across the capillary walls?
A) hydrostatic pressure of the blood only
B) blood plasma and formed element concentration
C) blood volume and viscosity
D) hydrostatic and osmotic pressure of the blood

Which of the following chemical substances does not help regulate blood pressure?
A) Angiotensin II
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Oxytocin or Nitric Acid
D) Atrial natriuretic peptide

Compared to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle ___________.
A) cells are larger than skeletal muscle cells
B) has gap junctions that allow it to act as a functional syncytium
C) lacks striations
D) has more nuclei per cell

What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production?
A) small intestine
B) heart
C) pancreas
D) kidney

Which of the following is a pivotal molecule associated with the external surfaces
of aggregated platelets and is involved in intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of blood clotting?
A) Thrombin
B) PGI2
C) PF3
D) Thromboplastin (prothrombin activator)

Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood causes ___________.
A) a rise in blood pressure due to change in cardiac output
B) no change in blood pressure but a change in respiration
C) no change in blood pressure but a slower heart rate
D) a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output

Which of the following might trigger Erythropoietin (EPO)?
A) decreased tissue demand for oxygen
B) moving to a lower altitude
C) an increased number of RBCs
D) hypoxia of EPO- producing cells