The skeleton provides what functions?
produces blood cells, provides protection for organs, helps us breathe, acts a warehouse for mineral storage, and allows for movement
Bone Types
Long Bones
longer than they are wide and are found in your ARMS & LEGS
Bones Types
Short Bones
fairly equal in width and length, similar to a cube, mostly found in your WRISTS and ANKLES
Bone Types
Flat Bones
thinner bones that can be either flat or curved and are platelike in nature
in the skulls, ribs, and breastbone(sternum)
Bone Types
Irregular Bones
like the parts of a jigsaw puzzle, odd, shaped bones needed to CONNECT to other bones
Example: hip bones, and the vertebrae that make up your spine
Bone is covered with what? And what is its main function
periosteum and its a tough fibrous connective tissue containing blood vessels that transport blood and nutrients into the bone to nurture the bone cells...It also contains lymph vessels, nerves, and cells that tear down and rebuild bone
The periosteum acts as an
anchors point for ligaments and tendons
Each Bone end is called a ?
epiphysis
The region running between or running through the bone is called?
diaphysis, and it is hollow
The hollow region is the diaphysis is called?
the medullary cavity, and it acts as a storage area for bone marrow
There are two kinds of bone marrow, what are they
Yellow and red
What does red bone marrow do?
makes a variety of blood cell types that include erythrocytes, white blood cells, and platelets
What does yellow marrow do?
high fat content, when you need more red blood cells, some of this can revert to red bone marrow to help in red blood cell production
Bone Tissue
Compact
a dense, hard tissue normally found in the shafts of long bones and the outer layer of other bones, tightly packed which makes for dense and strong structure
osteons
also known as haversian systems, the primary structural and functional units of compact bone cylindrical structures
The area around the osteocytes is filled with
protein, fibers, calcium, and other minerals
To ensure there is sufficient oxygen and nutrients for the bone cells osteons are connected with
perforating cells
spongy bone
arranged in bars and plates called trabeculae
Spongy bone is lined with
endosteum
What are the purposes of spongy bone?
it helps makes the bones lighter in weight and it provides a space for red bone marrow
Osteoclasts job is to
tear down bone material and help move calcium and phosphate into the blood extremely important for bone growth and repair
Osteoblasts
builders, laying down brick to make new exterior walls