The structure that attaches a muscle to bone
Tendon
The study of the muscular system
Myology
Whether secretion is one of the muscular system functions
False
The term that best describes muscle fibers arranged in bundles
Fascicle
The shape that the rectus femoris is an example of
Fusiform
The tissue sheet that separates individual muscle fibers from each other
Endomysium
7. The term that refers to a muscle that prevents a bone from moving during an action
Fixator
8. The prime mover muscle for inhalation
Diaphragm
The structure that connects the frontal and occipital bellies of the occipitofrontalis (epicranius) muscle
Epicranial aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica
The deepest muscle of the abdominal wall
Transversus abdominis
The antagonist muscle to the triceps brachii
Biceps brachii
12. The longest muscle in the human body
Sartorius
Which of the teres muscles is/isn’t part of the SITS muscle group
Teres minor is part; teres major is not
Whether a selected muscle is/isn’t part of the quadriceps muscles
False
Muscles that are/isn’t part of the hamstrings
Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus are part; rectus femoris is not
Muscles that are/isn’t part of the muscles of mastication
Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid are part; buccinator is not
Muscles that form the calf muscle
Gastrocnemius and soleus
Whether muscle extensibility refers to the muscle’s ability to stretch
True
The term describing the conscious control that skeletal muscle is under
Voluntary
Whether a skeletal muscle fiber contains a single nucleus (uninucleate)
False
Defining retrograde transport relative to neurosoma (cell body) in neurons
Movement of materials from axon terminals back to the cell body
22. The part of the neuron where action potential occurs
Axon (specifically at the axon hillock)
Alternative names identifying neurons conducting sensory stimuli & those sending commands to effectors
Sensory neurons = afferent; Motor neurons = efferent
The class of functional neurons that makes up about 90% of the neurons in the nervous system
Interneurons (association neurons)
The most common structural type of neuron
Multipolar neuron
The specific reference of the term “nerve fiber” relative to a neuron
Refers to the axon of a neuron
The location in a neuron where most metabolic & regulatory functions occur
Cell body (soma)
The glial cell found wrapped around nerve fibers in the PNS
Schwann cell
29. The primary site on a neuron for receiving signals from other neurons
Dendrites
The cells that form myelin in the spinal cord
Oligodendrocytes
31. The effect of opening sodium gates on the plasma membrane potential of a neuron
Depolarization
32. The ion that causes hyperpolarization of a plasma membrane at its RMP
Potassium (K⁺) leaving the cell or chloride (Cl⁻) entering
33. Plasma membrane status when the membrane voltage shifts from +35 mV toward 0 mV
Repolarization
34. Statement regarding stimuli during the absolute refractory period
Answer: The neuron cannot respond to another stimulus, no matter how strong
35. The property of neurons that allows them to respond to changes in the environment
Excitability (irritability)
36. The function of receptors are parts of the nervous system
Receptors detect changes (stimuli) and send sensory input to the CNS.
37. Whether the spinal cord is part of the central nervous system.
True
The alternative functional name of the afferent division of the nervous system
The sensory division.
Whether the transmission of impulses from the viscera is a function of the motor division of the nervous system
False
Whether the portion of the nervous system that conducts impulses from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles is the somatic sensory division
True
Whether the portion of the nervous system that has voluntary control over skeletal muscles is the somatic motor division
True
The classification of a neuron conducting an impulse from the stomach wall to the CNS
Visceral sensory neuron (afferent).
The part of the neuron that contains the nucleus
The cell body (soma).
Whether anterograde transport is the movement of materials from synaptic knobs (axon end) to the cell body
False
Definition of a bipolar neuron
A neuron with one dendrite and one axon extending from the cell body.
Whether a multipolar neuron has many dendrites and one axon extending from the cell body.
True
The type of neurons that a mixed nerve contains
Both sensory and motor neurons.
The most common synapse between neurons
Chemical synapse.
The mechanism by which electrical synapses couple neurons
Gap junctions that allow ion flow directly between cells.
Whether electrical synapses are more common than chemical synapses
False
The most abundant glial cell in the CNS
Astrocytes
The glial cell that helps to circulate cerebrospinal fluid
Ependymal cells.
The glial cell that myelinates and insulates axons within the CNS
Oligodendrocytes
The glial cell that myelinates and insulates axons in the peripheral nervous system
Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes).
The glial cell that defends the body against pathogens
Microglia
The explanation/reason of glossy-white appearance of most axons
Because of the high lipid content of myelin.
The function of myelin
Increases speed of nerve impulse conduction and insulates axons.
Continuous conduction of a nerve impulse occurs only on what type of neurons
Unmyelinated axons.
The thin strand of pia mater that helps to anchor the spinal cord to the coccyx
Filum terminale.
The name of the tapered, conical inferior end of the spinal cord
Conus medullaris.
Whether the subdural space is the space present between the arachnoid mater and the dura mater.
True
The site/location from which fluid is extracted in a lumbar puncture (tap)
Subarachnoid space of the lumbar region (typically between L3–L4 or L4–L5).
Whether the innermost of the meninges is the pia mater.
True
The number of the spinal nerves’ pairs
31 pairs.
Whether the white matter of the spinal cord is surrounded by its gray matter
False
Select the statement that accurately describes sensory and motor pathways from a list of different statements.
Sensory pathways carry impulses to the CNS; motor pathways carry impulses from the CNS to effectors.