MIDTERM EXAM 2 Flashcards

The thymus is at its maximum size at

birth

puberty

between 30 and 50 years of age

in old age

Lymph contains protein.

True

False

Which is not drained by the right lymphatic duct?

right side of abdomen

right side of thorax

right side of head and neck

right arm

The germinal center of a lymphoid nodule contains proliferating B-lymphocytes and macrophages.

True

False

Red marrow is found within

the large cavities contained within the shafts of long bone

compact bone canals

spaces with spongy bone

all osseous tissues of the appendicular skeleton

A lymphatic capillary that picks up dietary lipids in the small intestine is called a

cisterna chyli

lacteal

afferent lymphatic vessel

trabeculum

efferent lymphatic vessel

Lymph contains red blood cells.

True

False

The main function of tonsils is to detect and protect against infectious agents that are

in the blood

in the lymph

ingested or inhaled

secreted by salivary glands

Another name for a lymphoid follicle is a

lymphoid nodules

white pulp

lymph node medulla

thymic lobule

Precapillary sphincters will

control bloodflow into true capillaries

cause blood to flow directly from the metarteriole into the postcapillary venule

open when the tissues needs haven't been met

all of the choices are correct

The pulmonary trunk carries

oxygenated blood from the left ventricle towards the lungs

oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

oxygenated blood from the lungs toward the left atrium of the heart

deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle toward the lungs

deoxygenated blood from the lungs to the right atrium of the heart

Negative selection is when cells learn self tolerance.

True

False

Eosinophils and lymphocytes are both types of leukocytes.

True

False

Foreign particles that are not filtered out by the respiratory epithelium are

dissolved by enzymes in the alveoli

coughed up during normal daily activities

collected by lymph nodes

carried away by blood

stored in nearby pulmonary alcoves

The most common cell making up the alveolar wall is the

alveolar type 11 cell

alveolar type 1 cell

alveolar macrophage

dust cell

septal cell

Which do not belong to the respiratory zone of the respiratory system?

respiratory bronchioles

alveolar ducts

terminal bronchioles

pulmonary alveoli

alveolar sacs

In what region of the pharynx do auditory tubes open?

oropharynx

nasopharynx

larygopharynx

What is not a part of the respiratory membrane?

capillary endothelium

fused basement membrane

plasma membrane of type 1 cell

plasma membrane of type 11 cell

A buildup of fluid in the lungs caused by pneumonia leads to increase in the

physiological dead space

anatomic dead space

residual volume

Consistent with Boyles Law air flows from a region of lower pressure (the atmosphere) to a region of higher pressure within the lungs.

True

False

Exposure to irritants causes mucus production to

increase

decrease

Pulmonary fibrosis

decreases elasticity, thereby increasing increasing resistance and decreasing airflow

increases elasticity, thereby increasing resistance and decreasing airflow

decreases elasticity, thereby decreasing both resistance and airflow

increases elasticity, thereby decreasing both resistance and airflow

On each side of the chest, ________ pleura lines the internal thoracic wall and the _______ pleura tightly covers the lung

thoracic, pulmonary

parietal, visceral

visceral, parietal

fibrous, serous

respiratory, pleural

The percentage of the tidal capacity that can be exhaled during a specific time is known as the

tidal volume

alveolar ventilation

forced expiatory volume

maximal lung capacity rate

pulmonary minute ventilation

If someone at sea level is given pure oxygen to breathe, it would cause the oxygen saturation of their hemoglobin to

increase by more than double

increase by only a tiny amount

decrease due to uncooperative binding

The hilium of the lung

is an indented area through which the bronchi, pulmonary vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves pass

is the point of exit of exhaled air

is the point of entrance for inhaled air

is an elevated area through which the trachea, pulmonary vessels, and nerves pass

serves to anchor all pulmonary structures to the mediastinum

What connects the pharynx to the trachea?

esophagus

bronchi

alveolar ducts

larynx

nasal cavity

Protazoans are obligate intracellular parasites.

True

False

IgA is primarily found

in the blood

in the external secretions such as tears, saliva, and mucus

in lymph

on the surface of B-lymphocytes

in the thymus, spleen and lymph nodes

Cytotoxic T- lymphocytes destroy infected cells by releasing

antibodies

bradykin and histamine

perforin and granzymes

CD4+

Activation of lymphocytes occurs in

primary lymphoid structures

secondary lymphoid structures

tertiary lymphoid structures

effectors such as muscles and glands