Irony
the opposite of what is expected occurs
Dramatic Irony
when the audience knows something the characters don't, creating tension, suspense, or humor
Situational Irony:
when the outcome of a situation is contrary to what was intended or desired
Verbal Irony
: a person says one thing but means another
Satire
uses exaggeration, humor, irony, or ridicule to highlight the flaws and absurdities of people and society
First Person Point of View
the narrator is a person in the story, telling the story from their own point of view
Third Person Limited:
the story is presented from a single character’s perspective
Third Person Omniscient:
an all-knowing narrator reveals the thoughts, feelings, & actions of any character in the story
Theme
the main message or lesson about life that the author wants readers to understand
Motif
a repeated image, word, idea, or action in a story that helps show or support the theme; something that keeps showing up to remind readers of an important message or idea.
Symbol
is something—a person, object, color, or event—that stands for a bigger idea or meaning in a story
Allegory
a story in which the characters, events, and settings all stand for bigger ideas or messages
Abstract
something that you can’t see or touch but can think about or feel—like love, hope, or fear