Atria
The upper chambers which receives which receives blood into heart
Ventricles
which are the lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart.
interatial septum
separates the two atria
interventricular septum
separates the two ventricles
right heart
All structures that carry unoxygenated blood are blue
left heart
carry oxygenated blood are colored blue
Right atrium
receives unoxygenated blood from superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
superior vena cava
collects blood from the upper head and upper body region
inferior vena cava
receives blood from the lower parts of the body
The right ventricle
Receives oxygenated blood from the right atrium
The left atrium
receives oxygenated blood from the lungs to the pulmonary veins
Whats the primary function of the right ventricle
To pump blood through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs. It receives unoxygenated blood from the right atrium.
People with chronic high blood pressure
generally develops left ventricular hypertrophy
What happens when the ventricle is forced to over work
It will eventually enlarge a condition called ventricular hypertrophy
why is the left ventricular myocardium thicker then the right myocardium
Difference is the result is the result of the greater amount of force required of force required to pump blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta
why is thickness of the myocardial important
The thick muscle is needed to create enough force to pump blood .
HOw does blood leave the left ventricle
blood leaves through the aorta , the largest artery of the body
Left ventricle
receives oxygenated blood from the left the primary function of the left ventricle is to pump blood into the systemic circulation
Left atrium
Receives oxygenated oxygenated blood from the lungs through 4 pulmonary veins
semilunar valves which are known for the cusp because they resemble half moon
They control the outflow of blood from the right and left ventricles and are therefore exit valves
Av valves
allow blood to enter the ventricles
In the heart blood flows where
blood flows from the atria through the av valves into the ventricles
Two valves are called
atrioventricular valves which are located between the atria and the ventricles
What are the purpose of the heart valves
To keep the heart valves flowing in one direction
How many valves the heart have?
The heart has four valves
the lower ventricles
Are the pumping chambers
The upper atria is what
They are the receiving chambers
What are the large vessels called attached to the heart
The great vessels which includes superior vena cava inferior vena cava pulmonary trunk,four pulmonary veins and aorta.
pulmonary artery hypertension
developes right ventricular hypertrophy and right heart failure
What happens if the blood pressure not lowered what will happen
The left ventricle will eventually weaken and fail as a pump
what is the sa node called
the pacemaker
when is the coronary blood flow the greatest
during relaxation
pulmonary circulation summarized
The oxygenated blood flows through the four pulmonary veins from the lungs into the left atrium.From the left atrium , the bloods flows through the biscuspid valve into the left ventricle , left ventricular contraction forces blood throught the aortic valve into the aorta for distrubution to systemic circulation.The path way of blood flows through the heart.
where do the coronary arteries arise from
The base of the ascending aorta
The blood that nourishes and oxygenate the myocardium
Is provided by the coronary Arteries
abnormal heart sounds
They are called murmurs
What if the valve become leaky in the aorta valve
It will damage the heart
stenotic valve
make it difficult for a heart chamber to force blood through the stenosed valve their by increasing work of the pumping chamber it can cause heart failure and hypertrophy
when valves are narrow
Its called stenosis
semi luna valves
open and close due to pressure
The aortic valve
opens nd flows into aortic valve snaps closed and prevents back flow from the aorta to the ventricle
When the right ventricle contracts
blood from the ventricles forces pulmonary valve open then flows to the pulmonary trunk which is the large vessel that carries blood from the right ventricle to the right and left pulmonary arteries
when the right ventricle relaxes
the pulmonic valve is closed
what are the two exit sv valves
pulmonic and aortic sv
When the left ventricle contracts
the mitral valve closes and prevents the flow of blood from the left ventricle back into the left atrium
what happens when the mitrial valve is open
blood flows from the left atrium into the left ventricle
What is the left av valve called
The biscuspid valve since it has two cuffs and its also called the mitral valve because it resembles a bishop mitre hat
When the right ventricle contracts
the tricuspid valve will close and prevents blood from flowing back into the right atrium
If the tricuspid valve is open
Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle
The right av valve
Is called the tricuspid valve because it has three cusp
chordae attendee attached to papillary muscles in ventricular muscles
As blood pushes the cusp ino closed position , the papillary muscles contract, pulling on the chordae tendineae
chordae tendineae
fiborous band of tissue
closed av valves do what ?
They prevent backward flow of blood from the ventricles to the atria
When the ventricles contract, the heart muscles
compresses or squeezes the muscles in the ventricles then the blood pushes the cusp upward towards the atria in a closed position
What closes av valves
Presssure!!!
What do the semilunar valves do
They control the outflow of blood from the right ventricle and left ventricles which therefore are exit valves
when the ventricles are relaxed
the cusps hang loosely within ventricles in this position , the valves are open and permit blood flow from atria to ventricles