DNA
- Instructions for building living things
- Made up of genes
Hemoglobin
- Protein
- Transports oxygen and drops it off, picks up carbon dioxide and moves it out.
Analogy for Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin - Car
Goblins - 4 seats (Alpha- front seat, Beta- back seats)
Iron - Seatbelts
Oxygen or Carbon Dioxide - Passengers
What does sickle-cell alter?
- The state of the globin chains
- Altered hemoglobin chunks make it sickled
Red Blood Cells
- Erythrocytes
- Carries hemoglobin to transport oxygen
Mature RBC's don't have what?
A nucleus
What's the function of RBC's in the lungs?
Air goes through bronchioles to alveoli, blood vessels surround alveoli, the alveoli and the RBC's exchange gases (CO2 and O2)
Internal respiration
Exchange of gases in tissues
External respiration
Exchange of gases in lungs
What is CO2 transported as in RBC's
Carbonic Acid
Anemia
Bad RBC's
Malaria
- Comes from mosquito
- Destroys healthy RBC's
Heterozygous Advantage
Sickle-cell remains in population because it provides protection over malaria
Cell
Whole unit of life
Nucleus
The compartment inside the cell that stores DNA
Chromosome
A thread-like structure found in the nucleus of cells that carries genetic information in the form of DNA
Phenotype
Physical characteristics of the trait
Genotype
The combination of alleles in an individual
Homozygous
Having two copies of the same allele
Heterozygous
Having different copies of alleles
Diploid
2 copies of each chromosome (humans)
Haploid
1 copy of each chromosome (sexual reproduction)
Mieosis
Process of creating egg and sperm cells (haploid)