District courts
First level of trial courts
Grand Jury
Decide if enough evidence to go to trial
Circuit/appeals courts
hear appeal and decide against or for district courts opinion
Judicial review
Major check over the other branches
Marbury v. Madison
The case that caused judicial review to come alive
Rule of four
Four justices have to agree in order to hear it
Precedent
prior courts used for deciding newer ones
Opinion
The courts final decision
Majority Opinion
5 or more join together to decide the final answer
Dissenting opinion
disagrees with majority
Establishment Clause
neither state or federal government can establish a religion
Free exercise clause
Practice what you want within the law
Defamation
False information with the intention to ruin someone's reputation
Slander
spoken defamation
Libel
written defamation
Prior Restraint
Limits to the press only for national security
Process of becoming a federal judge
1. Appointed by President
2. Approved by senate
How many justices and their term?
9 justices, and serve for life (unless impeached)
Limits on speech
Absenty: things not greatly accepted
Defamation: lies to hurt rep
Fighting words: specific target (now)e
Limits on press
Prior restraint: If it is a national threat
Limits on religion
Free exercise clause
Establishment clause
Limits on assembly
Public land not private
Cops have rights to remove you from premises