A STABLE BODY WEIGHT DETERMINES WHAT
A PERSON IS IN ENERGY BALANCE
WHWN DOES ENERGY BALANCE EXIST
WHEN ENERGY INTAKE EQUALS ENEGY EXPENDITURE
FAT HIGHEST
KCALORIC DENSITY
FOODS HIGH IN WATER AND FIBER ARE LOWEST
KCARLORIC DENSITY
ANEROBIC
IMPROVES PHYSICAL STABILITY
DECREASES FLEXIBILITY
DECREASE RISK OF INJURY
AEROBIC
DECREASE CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
IMPROVE BLOOD SUGAR CONTROL REVERSE VERICOSE VEINS
DECREASE RISK OF OSTEOPOROSIS
IMPROVE SLEEP QUALITY
TEF(THERMIC EFFECT OF FOOD
THE HEAT PRODUCED BY THE BODY AFTER A MEAL , KILOCALORIC COST TO PROCESS FOODS EATEN
GHRELIN
IS THE HORMONE THAT MAKES YOU WANT TO EAT
WHAT HORMONE REPORTS
BODY FAT LEVELS TO THE BRAIN
RESTING ENERGY
CONTRACTION OF THE HEART,TEMP MAINTANANCE,REPAIR OF TISSUE ORGANS,METABOLISM,MUSCLE AND NERVE CORDINATION,BREATHING
1 GRAM OF ALCOHOL
IS 9 KCAL
1 GRAM OF FAT IS
9 KCAL
1 GRAM OF PROTEIN
IS 4 KCAL
1 GRAM OF CARBOHYDRATES
IS 4KCAL
ADAPTIVE THERMOGENSIS
BODY CONTROLS HOW MUCH ENERGY TO PUT OUT DEPENDING ON INPUT
OVOVEGETERIAN
NO,MEAT, FISH,POULTRY,OR DAIRY
LACTOVEGETARIAN
NO MEAT, FISH , POULTRY,OR EGGS
OVOLACTOVEGETARIAN
NO MEAT,NO FISH,OR POULTRY
ENDOGENOUS PROTEIN
SOURCES FROM THE DIGESTIVE TRACT INCLUDE SHED MUCOSAL CELLS YIELDING ABOUT 50 GRAMS A DAY
COMPLEMENTATION
COMBINING OF INCOMPLETE PROTEINS(GRAINS AND LEGUMES) SO THAT ALL ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS ARE SUPPLIED
GRAINS,LEGUMES,VEGETABLES,NUTS,AND SEEDS CONTAIN WHAT
INCOMPLETE PROTEIN AND ARE 70 PERCENT TO 90 PERCENT DIGESTABLE
WHATS WRONG WITH MST PLANT FOOD
THEY ARE NOT COMPLETE PROTEINS BECAUSE THEY LACK AT LEAST ONE AMINO ACIDS
WHAT IS INCOMPLETE PROTEIN
FOOD THAT LACKS ONE OR MORE OF ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
SOYBEANS
A PLANT SOURCE OF COMPLETE PROTEIN
MOST COMPLETE PROTEINS ARE FROM WHERE
THEY ARE FROM ANIMAL SOURCES SUCH AS MEAT,POULTRY,FISH,EGGS,MILKS AND CHEESE.
WHAT THE MOST EFFICIENT ENERGY SOURCE
GLUCOSE
glucongenesis
the amino acids are converted into glucose
albumin is the main protein where
Its the main protein in blood
whats albumin
It helps maintain blood volume and pressure by pulling back fluids into the veins from body tissue
Whats immunity
A protein called an antibody is produced in the presence of a foreign substance
what is a gene
A gene is apart of the dna that carries the code to direct synthesis of a single protein
what are enzymes
they are chemicals that aide the body
What are catalyst
They are enzymes that speed up the process that would normally take long to process
what are enzymes
They are chemicals that aid in the body
nitrogen balance
The same amount of nitrogen you take out is the same amount you must take in
Where is nitrogen found in
proteins
What is catabolism
breaking down tissue into smaller substance
What is anabolism
The building of tissues as healing and growth
Maintance and Growth
Proteins are required for growth everyone needs an adequate As cells wear out they must be replaced and proteins are required for that process
WHAT DOES THE STRUCTURE DO
PROVIDE MUCH OF THE BODY MASS, CONTRACTILE PROTEINS( ACTIN AND MYOSIN) ARE FOUND IN SKELETAL MUSCLE, SMOOTH MUSCLE AND CARDIAC MUSCLE,FIBROUS EX BLOODVESSELS
WHATS THE FUNCTIONS OF PROTEIN OF THE BODY
STRUCTURE,MAINTANCE AND GROWTH,REGULATION OF BODY PROCESSES,IMMUNITY,CIRCULATION,ENERGY SOURCE
NONESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
ORDINARILY CAN BE BUILT BY THE BODY IN SUFFICIENT QUANTITIES TO MEET ITS NEED
CONDITIONALLY AND ACQUIRED ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
CAN BECOME ESSENTIAL,DEPENDING ON THE BIOCHEMICAL NEEDS OF THE BODY
WHATS IS ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
CANNOT BE SYNTHESIZE IN THE BODY IN SUFFICIENT AMOUNTS TO MEET METABOLIC NEEDS
HOW MANY AMINO ACIDS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED IN THE BODY
23 AMINO ACIDS HAVE BEEN IMPORTANT FOR METABOLISM
WHEN PROTEINS ARE EATEN WHAT DOES THE BODY DO WHEN THEY DISASSEMBLED IN DIGESTIVE PROCESS
THE BODY BREAKS IT BACK DOWN INTO AMINO ACIDS
WHAT LINKS TOGETHER IN EXACT ORDER TO FORM A PATICULAR BOND
AMINO ACIDS AND PROTEINS LINK TOGETHER TO FORM A SPECIAL BOND CALLED PEPTIDE BOND
WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU DO NOT HAVE ENOUGH PROTEIN
NEUROLOGIC CRIPPLING RESULTS FROM INADEQUATE PROTEIN OR CORRECT FOOD PROCESSING TECHNIQUES
THE FOUR ELEMENTS ARRANGED IN BUILDING BLOCKS
AMINO ACIDS
WHAT MAKES A PROTEIN
CARBON,HYDROGEN,OXYGEN,NITROGEN.
WHATS SECOND TO WATER IN THE AMOUNT OF PRESENCE IN THE BODY
PROTEIN
PROTEIN
IS TRADITIONALLY UNIQUE AND CANT BE DUPLICATED
THEY ALSO ARE THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF TISSUE AND ORGANS
who is who
Health is the state of complete physical ,mental, and social well- being and not merely disease or infirmity
WHERE DO YOU GET GOOD FATS
NUTS,AVOCADO,CANOLA,OLIVE AND PEANUT OIL
WHY DO YOU NEED CHOLESTEROL
NECESSARY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CORTISON,ADRENALINE,ESTROGEN, TESTOSTERONE
CHOLESTEROL
NOT A TRUE FAT BELONG TO STEROLS
OUR BODIES MAKE 1000 MG A DAY
PRESENT IN ONLY ANIMALFOODS
FECTIONS OF FATS
FORMS INTEGRAL PART OF CELL MEMBRANES, PLAYS A ROLE IN DRUG,NUTRIENT,METABOLITE TRANSPORT,PROVIDES BARRIER AGAINST WATER SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES
WHAT ARE THE 7 MAJOR FUNCTION FOR FATS
SUPPLY FUEL TO MOST TISSUES,SERVE AS ENERGY RESERVE,INSULATE THE BODY,SUPPORT PROTECT VITAL OGANS, ACT AS A PAD TO OBSORB MECHANICAL SHOCK
FUNCTIONS OF FATS
THEY ARE A FUEL SOURCE AS WELL AS VITAMINS A,D,E,K
TRANS FATTY ACIDS
MADE FROM UNSATURATED FATS BY COMMERCIALLY ADDINGHYDROGEN AT DOUBLE BOND
CAUSE AN UNATURAL BEND
HAS HEALTH DETRIMENT
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE FAT IF
ALL DOUBLE BONDS ARE BROKEN DOWN WITH ADDED HYDROGEN THE FAT IS COMPLETELY HYDROGENATED
UNSATURATED FATS
LIQUID AT ROOM TEMP,PLANT ORIGINS HAS A HEALTH BENIFT HAVE DOUBLE CARBON BOND
WHAT HAS A STRONGER SHELF LIFE
PRODUCTS MADE WITH FAT HAVE A LONGER SHELF LIFE
POLYSATURATED
HAS MORE THEN ONE CARBON TO CRBON DOUBLE BOND
MONOUNSATURATED FATTY ACID
ONLY HAS ONE CARBON TO CARBON DOOUBLE BOND
UNSATURATE FATTY ACID
THE CARBON ATOMS ARE JOINED TOGETHER BY ONE OR MORE DOUBLE BONDS
FATTY CARBON CHAINS VARY IN LENGTH
FROM 2 TO 24 CARBONS
PLANT DERIVED FATS HAVE MORE WHAT ?
THEY HAVE MORE UNSATURATED FATS ARE NORMALLY IN THE FORM OF OILS
WHAT FOODS HELP WITH AGE
AGED CHEESES AND FIBOROUS FOODS THAT STIMULATE SALIVA PRODUCTION
what carbs are imporrtant
fruits nd vegetables lower the risk of chronic disease
beans ARE LOW FAT AND HIGH PROTEIN
What does ketosis cause
fatigue, neausea,loss of appetite
severe cases coma or death
carbohydrate functions do what
help prevent ketosis but partially broken down fats accumulate in the blood and form ketones putting body in ketosis
If the body does not have protein what will it do?
It will break down protein to get some
What does the brain need constantly
carbohydrates
what are the primary sources for all fuels
Carbohydrates
What the functions of carbohydrates
provides fuel,spares body protein,helps prevent ketosis, enhances learning memory
What are the health benefits of insoluble fibers
promotes regularity
may reduce some cancers may reduce risk of diverticular disease
What are some kinds of insoluble fibers
corn bran,vegetables,nuts,fruit skins and some dry beans
insoluable fibers
does not dissolve in water
What are soluble fibers
dissolve in water and thicken to form gels it lowers cholesterol, regulate blood sugar and may promote satiety
What does dietary fiber refer to
Dietary fibers refers to the food, mostly from plants that is non digestible
sometimes called the roughage, it sweeps out our intestinal tract
Wheere do you find starches at
found in grains,starchy vegetbles,legumes and food and food made from grains like cereal,bread and pasta
what are complex carbohydrates aka polysaccharides
Starch,glycogen,dietary fiber
What are sugar alcohols
lactitol,maltitol,isomalt,sorbitol
sucrose most common Disaccharide
which is ordinary white sugar
made from sugar beets or sugar cane
found in molasses,maple syrup fruits and vegetable
What are the three import disacharides
Sucrose,lactose,Maltose
whats galactose
comes mostly from the break down of milk and sugar
ex yogurt
What the sweetest monosacchrides
Fructose which is found in fruits and honey
whats a monosaccride
Glucose is commonly called blood sugar the body converts sugar into glucose
what are carbs composed of
hydrogen and oxygen
What foods go above and beyond their nutritional value
apples -prevent cardio vascular disease
berries- protect from cancer as well as reduce inflamation
oats-reduce cholesterol
two major groups of nutrients
sugars and starches
What are things affected by nutrition
physical growth and development,body composition, mental development, Nutrition is important to. general health care
urine and stool
yields information about what a person has eaten what the person body has stored and how the body is using nutrients
blood test
can be analyzed for glucose,protein,or fat,.
what does an ideal diet consist of
balance,moderation,variety
What is malnutrion
inability to obtain food that contain the essential nutrients , the body not able to consume essential nutrients in food or a disease that causes the body to get rid of nutrients rapidly
The body is composed of five type of substances
water,protein,fat,ash,Carbohydrate
some nutrients control or regulate chemical process
ex vitamin are not energy sources but are facilitators of energy production
Who plays an major role in building body structure
water,proteins,fats, and minerals
What does specific nutrients do
They have specific metabolic effects and functions
What is the function of nutrients
a source of heat and energy,they support growth and maintenance of tissues they also aid in regulation of basic body process
Thes functions make up your body metabolism
The sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place in the body
Whats Conditionally Essential NUtrient
Those that under most circumstances, a healthy body can manufacture in sufficient quanitities
Whats a nonessential nutrient
NOt needed in the diet because the body can manufacture them from other substances
What is an essential nutrient
A nutrient that the body requires but cannot manufacture in sufficient amount to meet body needs
What is primary disease prvention
living in a way that prevents disease
What are catagories of nutrients
carbohydrates,fats,proteins,minerals,vitamins, water
What does nutrition involve
The process of taking in and utilizing food
what is nutrition
Is a science with a research base that studies the relationship of humans to food
What is secondary prevention
using/self medical monitoring to notice disease so early intervention is possible
what is Tertiary prevention
use of treatment after the occurence of disease to stop or slow the progress of the disease