Anatomy
the branch of science that studies the structure of the body
Physiology
the branch of science that describes how the body works or functions
Pathophsiology
when something in the body isn't working
Homeostasis
Maintaining Body temp no matter the weather
*will remain the same
Anatomical Position
the body is standing erect with face forward, the arms at the sides, and the toes and palms of the hands directed forward
Superior
up (higher)
Inferior
down (lower)
Anterior
toward the front surface (the belly surface)
ex: the heart is anterior to the spine
Another word for anterior- Ventral
Posterior
Toward the back surface
ex: the heart is posterior to the breastbone
Medial
toward the midline
ex: the nose is medial to the ears
Lateral
away from the midline of the body
ex: the ears are lateral to the nose
Proximal
structure is closer to the center of the body or the point of attachment.
usually the trunk of the body
ex: elbows is proximal to the wrist
Distal
part is farther away from the point of attachment
ex: wrist is distal to the elbow
bilateral symmetry
when the left and right part of the body are the same
Sidus inversos
the sides are inverted
the whole inside of the body is flipped
dorsal cavity
located in the back (brain and spinal cord)
ventral cavity
front of the body
(thoracic cavity &abdominal cavity)
thoracic cavity
surrounded by rid cage
mediastinum
space that contains the heart and large blood vessels attached
pleural cavity
contains the right and left lungs