Oral medications are administered?
by mouth into the stomach and are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and then enter into the body.
Sublingual/buccal:?
This route allows for medications to be placed under the tongue (sublingual) or between the gum and the inner lining of the cheek (buccal) to dissolve. This facilitates rapid absorption of the medication through the mucous membranes.
Feeding tube:
- Medications may be administered into the gastrointestinal tract through feeding tubes. Feeding tubes, such as the nasogastric tube, gastrostomy tube, and jejunostomy tube, are placed directly into the gastrointestinal tract and provide a means for giving nutrition and medications.
Rectal are?
Medication may be administered into the rectum, for example, a suppository.
Most commonly, enteral medications?
Are administered via the oral route. Oral medications come in several forms and may require use of special administration devices.
Reconstitution is?
is discussed further in the module Preparing Powdered Parenteral Medications.
Medicine Cup
used to hold oral medications, including liquid and solid forms. It is marked with calibrated units used to measure dosages. The most commonly used units to measure volume include milliliters (mL), teaspoons (tsp), tablespoons (Tbs), and fluid ounces (oz).
Oral Syringe?
a measuring device that is available in various sizes ranging from 3 mL to 10 mL capacity. The tip of the syringe allows for easy administration. The oral syringe is needleless.
Cylindrical Dosing Spoon
The dosing spoon is a measuring device with calibration lines from 1 mL to 10 mL and equivalent measurements in teaspoons. It is designed with a spoon end shape for ease of medication administration.
Calibrated Dropper is?
is designed to facilitate oral medication administration, especially in children. Sizes vary. It often measures 1 mL to 5 mL of medication.
Time-released medications
identified on a drug label with words and abbreviations such as extended release (ER), controlled release (CR), etc., indicating that the active ingredient of the drug enters the bloodstream at a slower and steadier rate. Unless indicated on the drug label or in the drug reference, the nurse cannot determine how many hours it will take for the drug’s active ingredient to enter the bloodstream.
The nurse reconstituted Vibramycin for Oral Suspension. To properly label the reconstituted drug, the nurse is correct to label the drug with the following on the drug label. Select all that apply.
Time the medication was reconstituted
Initials of the nurse
Date the medication was reconstituted
The nurse who initially mixes the medication is responsible for labeling the reconstituted medication. The nurse needs to include the date and the time that the medication was reconstituted and write his/her initials on the label. This communication provides a standard format to assist in the administration of subsequent doses. After adding the correct amount of water, the reconstituted medication will have the listed dosage strength.
The nurse is preparing to administer 9 mL of an oral medication. What is the most appropriate measuring device to accurately measure this dose?
10 mL oral syringe
Which of following medication forms contains the drug in a viscous liquid preparation consisting largely of purified water and sucrose or a sugar substitute for a more pleasant taste?
Capsule
Elixir
Syrup
Suspension
Syrup
Which of the following abbreviations are associated with time-released medications? Select all that apply.
CR
RX
IM
SA
SR
CR
SA
SR
When measuring a liquid medication in a medicine cup, the fluid level is read:
From the outer edges on the medicine cup.
Using the household calibrations found on the medicine cup.
Using the metric calibrations found on the medicine cup.
At the horizontal center of the medicine cup.
At the horizontal center of the medicine cup.
list of common dosage forms that cannot be crushed/split like?
ER, XR, CR, EC.
Extended-release tablets cannot be split