Psych ch 6 Flashcards

Which term describes the process of transforming perceptions into memories? A) Storage B) Encoding C) Retrieval D) Associative Learning

Which type of encoding involves the use of images to facilitate memory retention? A) Semantic Encoding B) Visual Imagery Encoding C) Organizational Encoding D) Acoustic Encoding

When organizing information into categories for easier retrieval, which encoding strategy is being utilized? A) Visual Imagery B) Organizational Encoding C) Semantic Encoding D) Acoustic Encoding

In a study on memory recall, participants are tested on their ability to retain survival-related information. Which form of encoding is most relevant in this scenario? A) Sensory Encoding B) Semantic Encoding C) Organizational Encoding D) Survival Encoding

Which form of memory allows for a brief retention of sensory information? A) Short-Term Memory B) Long-Term Memory C) Sensory Storage D) Working Memory

The capacity to hold and manipulate information for reasoning and comprehension is characteristic of which type of memory? A) Sensory Storage B) Short-Term Memory C) Long-Term Memory D) Working Memory

Which brain structure is primarily associated with linking the components of a memory? A) Amygdala B) Cerebellum C) Hippocampus D) Prefrontal Cortex

Long-term memories are believed to be physically represented by changes in which part of the neuron? A) Soma B) Dendrites C) Synapse D) Axon

How can sleep influence the process of learning? A) Enhances memory encoding B) Prevents memory loss C) Consolidates memories D) Decreases recall abilities

In a memory experiment, a subject is given cues related to previously learned information. What is the key concept being utilized here? A) Contextual Learning B) Reinstatement C) Retrieval Cues D) Priming

Which of the following describes forgetting as a result of the memory trace fading over time? A) Absentmindedness B) Transience C) Blocking D) Persistence

When a person is distracted during an important event and later forgets details, this is an example of which memory failure? A) Blocking B) Absentmindedness C) Transience D) Suggestibility

Which type of memory is primarily responsible for recalling factual information and events from the past? A) Implicit Memory B) Procedural Memory C) Explicit Memory D) Sensory Memory

Which type of memory involves skills and actions that are performed without conscious recall? A) Semantic Memory B) Episodic Memory C) Implicit Memory D) Declarative Memory

In a collaborative memory task, a group of people recounting the same event might cause each individual to recall details differently. This phenomenon is referred to as: A) Bias B) Memory Misattribution C) Collaborative Inhibition D) Suggestibility

Memory failures can be attributed to the “sins” of memory. Which is characterized by incorporating misleading information into a memory? A) Blocking B) Transience C) Suggestibility D) Persistence

Which process would most likely lead to a false memory when an individual remembers an event differently from how it occurred? A) Memory Misattribution B) Transience C) Absentmindedness D) Blocking

Persistent memories that an individual cannot seem to forget, even when they wish to, are examples of which “sin” of memory? A) Transience B) Persistence C) Blocking D) Suggestibility

In a real-world context, using GPS may impact a person's ability to remember routes and locations due to which phenomenon? A) Absentmindedness B) Semantic Memory Loss C) Memory Consolidation D) Procedural Skill Deterioration

The regular engagement in retrieval practice has been shown to enhance long-term retention of material learned. This phenomenon is described as: A) The Testing Effect B) The Spacing Effect C) The Encoding Effect D) The Priming Effect

When participants were misled about the details of an event and that led to changed memories, what bias might this demonstrate? A) Confirmation Bias B) Hindsight Bias C) Memory Bias D) Availability Heuristic

An individual is trying to recall specific details from a past vacation. If they focus on a key moment from that vacation, they are likely using which memory retrieval process? A) Recognition B) Recall C) Cued Recall D) Free Recall

Which “sin” of memory refers to the inability to retrieve information that is stored in memory? A) Blocking B) Absentmindedness C) Suggestibility D) Transience

Which characteristic of memory describes biases that affect the way individuals recall past experiences? A) Suggestibility B) Blocking C) Bias D) Persistence

What does the phenomenon of "transience" highlight regarding memory over time? A) The ability to recall information accurately B) The gradual loss or weakening of memories C) The influence of misinformation on memory D) The capacity to retain emotional memories

When attempting to remember a face, someone recalls it as being familiar from a particular event but it actually belongs to a different setting. What is this an example of? A) Blocking B) Memory Misattribution C) False Memory D) Suggestibility

What might be a consequence of collaborative memory among groups of witnesses? A) Increased accuracy of information B) Retrieval enhancement C) Mixing up details from different memories D) Clarity in personal recounting

During a trial, a juror's recall of the events may be biased by media influence. Which memory mechanism is at play? A) Suggestibility B) Bias C) Misattribution D) Transience

If emotional memories tend to be recalled more vividly than neutral ones, this reflects what concept in memory studies? A) Emotional Bias B) Memory Consolidation C) Flashbulb Memory D) Suggestibility

If a child learns a song by repeatedly listening to it, which form of memory is primarily being utilized? A) Declarative Memory B) Implicit Memory C) Semantic Memory D) Explicatory Memory

In a memory study, researchers found that presenting information in a structured, meaningful way increased recall rates. This showcases the importance of which factor? A) Sensory Storage B) Semantic Structures C) Organizational Encoding D) Temporal Context

In which scenario is blocking most commonly experienced? A) Trying to remember where you left your keys B) Recalling a specific event from childhood C) Remembering the name of a person you just met D) Learning a new language

When a person remembers the general gist of a conversation rather than specific details, this is an example of which type of memory? A) Semantic Memory B) Implicit Memory C) Explicit Memory D) Procedural Memory

A situation where someone recalls a poignant moment from a family reunion may best be categorized under which of the following types of memory? A) Procedural Memory B) Explicit Memory C) Implicit Memory D) Sensory Memory

A psychologist studying memory might focus on how age impacts recall. Which "sin" of memory could an aging individual most exhibit? A) Bias B) Transience C) Blocking D) Suggestibility

What is a method employed to prevent memory interference during information retrieval? A) Reencoding B) Recall rehearsal C) Test-enhanced learning D) Blocking technique

If a person maintains a clear and vivid recollection of a shocking news event, this exemplifies the existence of which type of memory feature? A) Biomotive Memory B) Flashbulb Memory C) Semantic Memory D) Contextual Memory

The phenomenon whereby people recall vivid memories with strong emotional links is often tested using which mechanism? A) Recall Cues B) Free Recall C) Recognitional Recall D) Probabilistic Recall

In a study on suggestibility, researchers find participants' memories altered by leading questions. This is an indication of: A) Memory Blocking B) Absentmindedness C) Memory Bias D) Suggestibility

If a memory was accurate at one point but became less so due to interference, what type of memory failure would this exemplify? A) Suggestibility B) Blocking C) Transience D) Memory Misattribution

Which memory type encompasses the knowledge of facts and general information learned over a life span? A) Procedural Memory B) Semantic Memory C) Implicit Memory D) Priming Memory

A student remembers the main concepts of a lecture due to organizational strategies used in their study method; this is an example of: A) Relational Encoding B) Contextual Priming C) Organizational Encoding D) Auditory Recollection

If a witness to a crime falsely accuses a suspect after being shown a lineup, this exemplifies a failure known as: A) Memory Misattribution B) Misidentification C) Suggestibility D) Blocking

What reliance on cues during memory retrieval helps an individual access and recall information? A) Contextual Memory B) Priming C) Action Memory D) Passive Recall

Which memory failure occurs when details become lost due to simultaneous distractions? A) Absentmindedness B) Transience C) Blocking D) Bias

Given the example of a child learning to ride a bicycle, which form of memory is primarily used? A) Semantic Memory B) Implicit Memory C) Explicit Memory D) Procedural Memory

If a person forgets someone's name moments after being introduced but recalls it later, this reflects which memory mechanism? A) Blocking B) Recognition C) Absentmindedness D) False Memory

The process by which memory fails due to the loss of information over time is known as: A) Encoding Failure B) Transience C) Blocking D) Decay

What important cognitive strategy can encourage enhanced memory retention during study sessions? A) Mass Practice B) Interleaved Practice C) Single Source Learning D) Spaced Practice

Recognition memory tasks require individuals to identify previously learned information from a list or lineup. This rests upon what cognitive process? A) Free Recall B) Cued Recall C) Recognition D) Implicit Association