Automatic
Automatic biases are unintended, immediate, and irresistible.
Aversive racism
Aversive racism is unexamined racial bias that the person does not intend and would reject, but that avoids inter-racial contact.
Blatant biases
Blatant biases are conscious beliefs, feelings, and behavior that people are perfectly willing to admit, are mostly hostile, and openly favor their own group.
Discrimination
Discrimination is behavior that advantages or disadvantages people merely based on their group membership.
Implicit Association Test
Implicit Association Test (IAT) measures relatively automatic biases that favor own group relative to other groups.
Model minority
A minority group whose members are perceived as achieving a higher degree of socioeconomic success than the population average
Prejudice
Prejudice is an evaluation or emotion toward people merely based on their group membership.
Right-wing authoritarianism
Right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) focuses on value conflicts but endorses respect for obedience and authority in the service of group conformity.
Self-categorization theory
Self-categorization theory develops social identity theory’s point that people categorize themselves, along with each other into groups, favoring their own group.
Social dominance orientation
Social dominance orientation (SDO) describes a belief that group hierarchies are inevitable in all societies and even good, to maintain order and stability
Social identity theory
Social identity theory notes that people categorize each other into
groups, favoring their own
group.
Stereotype Content Model
Stereotype Content Model shows that social groups are viewed according to their perceived warmth and competence.
Stereotypes
Stereotype is a belief that characterizes people based merely on their group membership.
Subtle biases
Subtle biases are automatic, ambiguous, and ambivalent, but real in their consequences.
Aggression
Any behavior intended to harm another person who does not want to be harmed.
Availability heuristic
The tendency to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the
ease with which relevant
instances come to mind.
Catharsis
- Greek term that means to cleanse or purge.
- Applied to
aggression, catharsis is the belief that
acting aggressively or even viewing aggression purges angry feelings and aggressive impulses
into harmless channels.
Hostile attribution bias
The tendency to perceive ambiguous actions by others as aggressive.
Hostile expectation bias
The tendency to assume that people will react to potential conflicts with aggression.
Hostile perception bias
The tendency to perceive social interactions in general as being aggressive.
Punishment
Inflicting pain or removing pleasure for a misdeed. Punishment decreases the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated.
Relational aggression
Intentionally harming another person’s social relationships, feelings of acceptance, or inclusion within a group.
Violence
Aggression intended to cause extreme physical harm, such as injury or death.