The most common causes of prehepatic jaundice are ________ and ineffective erythropoiesis.
hemolysis
A patient receiving chemotherapy may be at greater risk for development of
stomatitis
A patient with chronic gastritis would likely be tested for
Helicobacter pylori.
It is true that gallstones are
more common in women
Proton pump inhibitors may be used in the management of peptic ulcer disease to
decrease hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is often associated with
nonketotic hyperosmolality.
Growth hormone-deficient infants would display
normal birth length and weight.
A clinical finding that is consistent with a diagnosis of adrenocortical insufficiency is
hypoglycemia.
A tumor which results in excessive production and release of catecholamines is
pheochromocytoma
Hepatitis with the presence of autoantibodies and positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is
autoimmune hepatitis.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases
water reabsorption in the collecting tubule of the kidney.
An increase in ADH secretion occurs in response to
dehydration.
Surgical removal of a gland may result in
hyposecretion
Insulin binding to its receptor on target cells results in
increased facilitated cellular diffusion of glucose
It is true that growth hormone excess in adults
results in the condition of acromegaly.
A clinical finding consistent with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) is
hyponatremia
Radioactive iodine treatment is the therapy of choice in patients with Graves disease. The patient should be expected to
need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy.
The underlying pathogenic mechanism for type 2 diabetes is
insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction.
A patient who should be routinely evaluated for peptic ulcer disease is one who is
being treated with high-dose oral glucocorticoids.
In type I diabetes, respiratory compensation may occur through a process of
respiratory alkalosis.
Myxedema coma is a severe condition associated with
hypothyroidism.
What effect would adrenocortical insufficiency have on an individual’s response to surgical stress?
More prone to hypotension
An infusion of mannitol would be prescribed to treat
cerebral edema.
Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with
inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods.
Hepatitis B is usually transmitted by exposure to
blood or semen.
What laboratory data would support a diagnosis of hemochromatosis?
Elevated ferritin
More than half of the initial cases of pancreatitis are associated with
alcoholism
Chronic pancreatitis may lead to
diabetes mellitus.
Premature infants are at greater risk for developing
necrotizing enterocolitis.
The most challenging aspect of treatment for chronic pancreatitis is
pain control
Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with
bloody diarrhea.
Untreated acute cholecystitis may lead to ________ of the gallbladder wall.
gangrene
A silent abdomen 3 hours after bowel surgery most likely indicates
functional bowel obstruction.
An increased urine bilirubin is associated with
hepatitis
A silent abdomen 3 hours after bowel surgery most likely indicates
functional bowel obstruction.
A patient admitted with bleeding related to esophageal varices could be expected to receive a continuous intravenous infusion of
octreotide acetate.
Diabetes insipidus is a condition that
results from inadequate ADH secretion.
The signs and symptoms of adrenocortical hormone excess may occur from either a primary or secondary disorder. A symptom associated with primary Cushing syndrome is
hyperglycemia.
The formation of active vitamin D
is impaired in renal failure.
A thyroid gland that grows larger than normal is known as
goiter
Clinical manifestations of Graves disease may include
tremor
A laboratory finding that would help confirm the diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism is
hypokalemia
Epigastric pain that is relieved by food is suggestive of
gastric ulcer.
What clinical finding would suggest an esophageal cause of a client’s report of dysphagia?
Chest pain during meals
It is true that the synthesis of thyroid hormones
is inhibited by iodine deficiency.
________ disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which excessive amounts of copper accumulate in the liver.
Wilson
________ is the most powerful predictor of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Obesity
Most gallstones are composed of
cholesterol
Pathophysiologically, esophageal varices can be attributed to
portal hypertension.
Fecal leukocyte screening would be indicated in a patient with suspected
enterocolitis
Hepatic encephalopathy is associated with
increased blood ammonia levels.
The finding of hypotension, rigid abdomen, and absent bowel sounds in a patient with pancreatitis
indicates peritonitis with substantial risk for sepsis and shock.
Dumping syndrome is commonly seen after __________ procedures.
gastric bypass
The most common cause of mechanical bowel obstruction is
adhesions
It is true that biliary cancer
tend to be asymptomatic and progress insidiously.
an early indicator of colon cancer is
a change in bowel habits.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (adrenogenital syndrome) results from
blocked cortisol production.
Fecal leukocyte screening would be indicated in a patient with suspected
enterocolitis
Liver transaminase elevations in which aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is markedly greater than alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is characteristic of
alcohol-induced injury.
A patient presenting with muscle cramps, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and prolonged Q-T intervals on EKG may be showing symptoms of
hypoparathyroidism