Timby's Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing: Chapter 35: Caring for Clients w/ HIV/AIDS Flashcards

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1

WHAT ARE THE 4 KNOWN BODY FLUIDS IN WHICH HIV IS TRANSMITTED?

  • BLOOD
  • SEMEN
  • VAGINAL SECRETIONS
  • BREAST MILK

2

HIGH-RISK FACTORS FOR HIV INFECTION

  • UNPROTECTED SEX
  • CONTACT W/ BLOOD AND INFECTIOUS BODY FLUIDS DURING MEDICAL, DENTAL, SURGICAL, AND NURSING PRODURES
  • SHARING NEEDLES AND SYRINGES
  • RECEIVING PLASMA OR CLOTTING FACTORS THAT HAVE NOT BEEN HEAT TREATED YET
  • CONTACT W/ INFECTED BLOOD ON BODY PIERCINGS, TATTOOS, OR DENTAL EQUIPMENT
  • TRANSMISSION FROM INFECTED MOTHERS TO INFANTS

3

PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR HIV

  • ABSTINENCE
  • MONOGAMOUS SEX
  • AVOIDING CASUAL SEX
  • CONDOMS
  • USE A NEW NEEDLE AND SYRINGE EACH TIME IV DRUGS ARE INJECTED

4

WHAT ARE THE STAGES OF HIV/AIDS?

1. ACUTE HIV

2. CHRONIC HIV

3. AIDS

5

END STAGE OF HIV INFECTION

  • A MARKEDLY DECREASED T-4 CEL COUNT FROM THE NORMAL VALUE OF 800-1200
  • DEVELOPMENT OF CERTAIN CANCERS AND OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS THAT DON'T NORMALLY OCCUR IN CLIENTS WITH A HEALTHY IMMUNE SYSTEM
  • DECREASED CD4 CELLS (<200 OR <14%

AIDS

6

THIS CLIENT PRESENTS W/:

  • ACUTE RETROVIRAL SYNDROME (FLU-LIKE SYMPTOMS)
  • FEVER
  • SWOLLEN AND TENDER LYMPH NODES
  • PHARYGITIS
  • RASH OF FACE, TRUNK, PALMS, AND SOLES
  • MUSCLE AND JOINT PAIN
  • HEADACHE
  • NAUSEA AND VOMITING
  • DIARRHEA
  • VISUAL CHANGES/ COGNITIVE AND MOTOR INVOLVEMENT
  • KAPOSI SARCOMA (LESIONS CAUSED BY CANCER AMONG THOSE WITH THIS DISEASE)

AIDS

7

HOW IS HIV SCREENED AND DIAGNOSED?

  1. FINGERSTICK TEST
  2. ELISA TEST: BLOOD DRAW FOR ANTIBODIES
  3. WESTERN BLOOD CONFIRMS HIV.

8

WHAT VACCINATIONS ARE RECOMMENDED FOR CLIENTS W/ HIV?

  • PNEUMOCOCCAL
  • HEP B
  • FLU VACCINE

9

ARE HIV RESULTS EVER TOLD OVER THE PHONE?

NEVER.

  • HAVE TO BE PRESENT AT FACILITY FOR RESULTS

10

WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCE FOR NOT TELLING YOUR PARTNER THAT YOU HAVE HIV?

HIV CRIMINILIZATION LAW!

YOU CAN GO TO JAIL FOR 25YEARS-LIFE.

11

MEDICATIONS USED FOR HIV?

  • PrEP: USED AS A PREVENTION PILL; LOWERS RISK OF ACQUIRING HIV (SHOULD BE TAKEN AT LEAST 21 DAYS BEFORE SEXUAL INTERCOURSE)
  • PEP: TAKEN IF THERE IS A POSSIBLE EXPOSURE TO HIV (SHOULD BE TAKEN W/I 72 HOURS)
  • MEDICATIONS THAT END IN -VIR (ACYCLOVIR)

12

READ CLIENT TEACHING ON PAGE 449-450/585-586

READ CLIENT TEACHING ON PAGE 449-450/585-586