Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)
Indications:
Treatment of bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease (COPD/asthma).
Dosage and Administration:
Adult: Administer 2.5 mg. Dilute 0.5 ml of 0.5% solution for inhalation with 2.5 ml normal saline in nebulizer and administer over 10-15 minutes.
Pediatric: 2.5mg in 6mL NS
Epinephrine (1:1000, 1:10,000)
Indications
Severe bronchospasm, asthma, bronchiolitis. Anaphylaxis, acute allergic reactions.
Dosage and
Administration
Adult:
- Allergic reactions and asthma: 0.3 - 0.5 mg (0.3 - 0.5 ml 1:1000) IM
- Anaphylaxis: 0.3 - 0.5 mg (3- 5 ml 1:10,000) IV
Pediatric:
- Allergic reactions and asthma: 0.01 mg/kg (0.01 mL/kg 1:1000) IM to maximum of 0.5 mg.
Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Cortef, Solu-Cortef)
Indications
Asthma, anaphylaxis, croup, Adrenal insufficiency
Dosage and Administration
2 mg./kg. IV bolus to maximum of 100 mg.; 100 mg. in adult.
Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)
Indications:
Used in bronchospasm especially associated with COPD, and emphysema.
Dosage and Administration:
Adult: 0.5mg via NEB, usually mixed neb solution with 2.5mg Albuterol in 2.5mL NS
Pediatric: 250mcg via NEB may mix neb solution with Albuterol 2.5mg in 6mL NS
Magnesium sulfate
Indications:
Acute Asthma / Bronchospasm
Dosage and Administration:
Adult: For Bronchospasm: 2-4 gm IV in 100ml of NS over 5 minutes
Pediatric: Asthma/bronchospasm, severe: 25-50 mg/kg. over 10 minutes IV. Usually mixed in 50-100ml of NS to be given IV.
Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (Solu-Medrol)
Indications
Asthma, anaphylaxis, croup, Adrenal insufficiency
Dosage and Administration
Methylprednisolone: 2 mg./kg/ IV bolus to maximum of 125 mg.; 125 mg. in adult.
Racemic epinephrine / racepinephrine (micronEFRIN, S2)
Indications:
Croup, laryngeal edema, bronchial asthma
Dosage and Administration:
Adult: 11.25 mg (0.5 ml) Dilute 0.5 ml solution for inhalation with 2.5 ml normal saline in nebulizer
Pediatric: Same as adult dosing