MEDICAL CASE OF A WOMAN.......chest X-ray demonstrates generalized bone demineralization and compression fracture. Blood studies demonstrate elevated calcium levels. ...WHAT could be the DX?
Myeloma
Normal bleeding time in association with normal platelet count, and increased prothrombin time (PT) and INR, is indicative of ...WHAT IS GOING ON HERE?
vitamin K deficiency
Dramatic hypotension sometimes accompanies type I hypersensitivity reactions....WHY?
Massive histamine release from the mast cells leads to vasodilation
Peripheral edema is .....happens because ..? why?
Leg swelling caused by the retention of fluid in leg tissues
happens because of venous insufficiency
The primary source of erythropoietin ....
the kidneys
All Risk factors for atherosclerosis
high cholesterol
triglyceride levels
high blood pressure
smoking
diabetes
obesity
physical activity
eating saturated fats
Patients with immunodeficiency disorders are usually first identified because....WHAT????
develop recurrent infections
All about Renal insufficiency
poor function of the kidneys that may be due to a reduction in blood-flow to the kidneys caused by renal artery disease
Dysfunction of which organ would lead to clotting factor deficiency?
liver
patient recent strep throat infection develops glomerulonephritis. What type hypersensitivity reaction would be?
type III hypersensitivity
prothrombin time (PT) and IN (International Normalized Ratio) measure the integrity of...what?
extrinsic pathway
all primary functions of circulatory system
Transfer nutrients and oxygen through the blood vessels
remove the harmful such as carbon dioxide
complication of deep vein thrombosis is….?
pulmonary embolism
transfusion reactions involve RBC destruction caused by?
antibody in the recipient’s circulation
leukemia demonstrates the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome?
CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)
Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body, because they?
They have no cytoplasmic organelles
The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is a measure of
the
integrity of?
Intrinsic pathway
Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as
Bicarbonate ions
A commonly ingested substance associated with prolongation of
the
bleeding time is?
aspirin
A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and
mean
corpuscular volume (MCV) are characteristic of which type of anemia?
iron deficiency
leukemia primarily affects children
ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)
A primary effector cell of the type I hypersensitivity response is
mast cells
All causes or thrombocvtopeni?
chemotherapy
Leukemia and other cancers.
Some types of anemia.
Viral infections, such as hepatitis C or HIV.
Which group of clinical findings describes the typical presentation
of ALL
(acute lymphoid leukemia)?
pain in long bones, infection, fever, bruising
principle lg mediator of type I hypersensitivity reactions is
igE
Excessive red cell lysis can be detected by measuring the serum…for what?
bilirubin
Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which...???? what?
stem cells are harvested from the patients and returned to the same patient
Widespread activation of the clotting cascade secondary to
massive
trauma is called????
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
all about aplastic anemia...specially labs
immune system attacking the stem cells in your bone marrow
Normally, red blood cell, white blood cell and platelet levels stay within certain ranges. In aplastic anemia all three of these blood cell levels are low.
Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of.....What?
Vitamin B12 anemia
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is
Bence Jones in the urine
32. boy who exhibits prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a
prolonged
aPTI, but a normal platelet count, is likely to be
diagnosed with...what ?
hemophilia
Patients who experience anemic episodes when exposed to certain
drugs
most likely have???
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
A newborn has melena, bleeding from the umbilicus, and hematuria.
The
newborn most likely experiencing
vitamin K deficiency bleeding
All CML (chronic myeloid leukemia). Symptoms
fatigued,
weight loss,
sweats,
bleeding,
abd discomfort ( enlarged spleen)
A 5-year-old patient's parents report loss of appetite and fatigue in
their child. The parents also state that the child refuses to walk due
to pain. The
child's most likely diagnosis is????
- ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)
Regarding iron deficiency anemia, what are laboratory findings?
elevated total iron binding capacity
The cause of the most common form of anemia is????
iron deficiency
A patient is diagnosed with hairy cell leukemia. All findings in the lab
results???
decrease in granulocytes, platelets and RBC
40. A patient is diagnosed with myeloma. The nurse teaches the
patient about
the multiple tumor sites that can develop with this
cancer. The possible tumor
sites in myeloma include?
liver, spleen, and kidneys