conjunctions
connects words/groups of words of the same category in a sentence
sum/accumulation
y
use e if followed by i or hi
option/election
o
use u if followed by o or ho
comparason/idea with another distinction/fgive more info
pero
prepositions
element that indicates relation between words or groups of words in a sentence
a
to, at
durante
during
según
according to
ante
prior to, before
en
in, on, at, by, inside
sin
without
najo
under, below
entre
between, among
so
...
cabe
fit
hacia
towards, to
sobre
on, above, over, about, upon
con
with
hasta
as far as, until, up to
tras
behind, after
contra
against, in exchange for
mediante
through, by means of
versus
...
de
from, of, about
para
for, towards
vía
???
desde
since, from
por
for, bc of, in order to, by, through, per
a + el
al
de + el
del
PARA
-
destination or recipient
- las escuelas deben ser lugares seguros para todos
- FOR someone
- ex: compre este libro para mi hermana
-
purpose, objective
- muchos paises han lanzado iniciativas para combatir el acoso escolar
-
time frame
- la UNESCO va a tener listo un informe sobre el acoso escolar para octubre
- DEADLINES, specifically
POR
-
cause or reason
- un 25% de los estudiantes encuestados sufrió acoso escolar por su aspecto
- because of
-
agent
- suramerica estaba habitada por distintos grupos indigenas
- BY someone. person/group who DID something
- este puente fue construido por los romanos
-
price, quantity, exchange
- los indigenas trabajaban por salarios miseros en la mineria o en las haciendas
- traveling thru/around a place
- duration (ex: estudie por dos horas)
nexos
transition and connecting words or phrases. We use them when writing or speaking to move from one idea to another, compare and contrast, add information, connect concepts, and join parts of a sentence.
conjunctions and prepositions studied above are also nexos
en primer lugar
in the first place
(time/sequence)
al principio
at first
(time/sequence)
antes
before
(time/sequence)
depues
after
(time/sequence)
mientras
while/simultaneously
(time/sequence)
durante
during
(time/sequence)
por ultimo
lastly/finally
(time/sequence)
aunque
although
(contrast)
asimismo
in addition, also, equally, similarly
(add information)
sin embargo
however
(contrast)
no obstante
nevertheless
(contrast)
en cambio
instead/on the other hand (contrast)
ademas
besides, in addition
(add information)
tambien
also
(add information)
asimismo
in addition
(add information)
como
like/as
(to compare)
asi como
as well as
(to compare)
(can also be to add information)
de igual manera
the same way
(to compare)
porque
because
(cause/effect)
debido a
due to
(cause/effect)
ya que
given that
(cause/effect)
por lo tanto
therefore
(cause/effect)
por lo que
hence
(cause/effect)
asi que
so
(cause/effect)
en otras palabras
in other words
(explain/clarify)
de hecho
in fact
(explain/clarify)
o sea
I mean
(explain/clarify)
es decir
that is to say
(explain/clarify)