Indicators of an emergency situation
Difficulty breathing
Chest pain
Changes in skin
color
Changes in vital signs
Open bleeding wounds or
visible punctures not indicated on the patient's chart
Inability
to move an extremity
misshapen /misaligned body part
Disorientation confusion
Severs cephalalgia(headache)
Top priority for patients
Alway check air way and provide an airway
Check cardiovascular
status and Control hemostasis
What is CPR?
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cpr is a technique of manually
providing chest compression
Cpr must start as quickly as
possible To avoid cardiac arrest.
Patient only has 4-6 minutes
before the cells of the brain begin to deteriorate.
Several warning signs of cardiac arrest
Chest pain
Unstable blood pressure
Tachycardia
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Respiratory changes
Hypovolemia
Laryngospasm
When performing cpr
30 compressions and 2 ventilations
What is the role of the surgical tech in emergencies
Always protect the sterile field
Malignant hyperthermia
Malignant hyperthermia is life-threatening acute pharmacogenetic
disorder
developing after anesthesia. Characterized as a rapid
increase in temperature.
You can grab a bag of ice.
Triggered by succinylcholine
Dantrolene is the treatment for it
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
This happens when the body is over coagulating. The clotting
mechanism is
activated throughout the body instead of specific areas.
Dic may be stimulated by
Infection of the blood by bacteria or fungus
Sever tissue
trauma, head injuries, shock, burning
Leukemia or cancer
Severe liver disease
Recent blood
transfusion reactions
fObstetric complications
Anaphylactic reactions
Is an exaggerated allergic reaction to a substance or protein.
Important thing is to open and maintain the airway and provide
oxygen
We use epinephrine for treatment
Heat exhaustion
Mild compared to heat stroke because the body increases the blood
flow to the
skin thus reducing blood flow to the vital organs.
Heat stroke
A life threatening condition where the patients internal temperature
control
system stops working
This can cause neurological
damage and death if not treated
Earthquakes
We measure using the richter scale
The health care provider hcp
Injuries include lacerations, fractures, serious head injuries, eye
injuries and
crushing injuries due to falling debris, collapse of
houses and buildings and
collapse of sidewalks, streets and bridges.
Hurricanes
Are measured in 1-5 categories
Ppe
Using standard precautions and personal protective equipment to
prevent cross
contamination
Dime
Delayed, immediate, minimal, expectant
Minor green tag
Walking wounded , minor injuries, sprains, minor cuts, self care, patient is stable
Delayed, yellow tag
Airway is patient
Bleeding has been treated and controlled
Patient is stable
Injuries may be serious but transport can be delayed
immediate , red tag
a. Quick short immediate treatment intervention can stabilize the
patient such as
establishing an airway and treating
bleeding
b. treatment must be given during the golden hour for
the victim to survive
c. Once stabilized the patient may be
recategorized to delayed depending on extent
of injuries. If it
involves head or spine injury, penetrating wound or
fractures
patient should be transported asap
expectant , black tag
a. Injuries are so extensive a patient is not expected to survive,
use of medical
resources is not advised in order to use for the
other three categories of patients.
b. Victims are made as
comfortable as possible and pain relief is given.