Biology: BIO 182 Flashcards

a member of the domain Bacteria or Archaea. The distinguishing features of prokaryotes is the cell lacks a membrane enclosed nucleus and cell compartmentalization; includes the cells from all members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea

a member of the domain Eukarya. The distinguishing feature of eukaryotes is cell compartmentalization, including a cell nucleus; eukaryotes include protists, fungi, plants and animals.

photosynthetic prokaryotes, originated approximately 3.5 bya, the first
organisms known to have produced O2

Any preserved remains, imporession, or trace of any once-living past geological age. Examples include bones, sheels, exoskeletons, and more

A scientist who studies fossils

Common sedimentart rocks include sandstone, limestone and shale. Often start as sediments carried in rivers and deposited in lakes and oceans.

A major division of geological time, divided into eras

a division of geological time that represents the major stages in the macroscopic fossil record. Eras are separated by catastrophic extinction boundaries.

a sub-division of an era

The end of the existence of a species or a group of species

The process by which, over the course of billions of years, the major landmasses, known as the continents, have shifted there positions, changed their shapes, and in some cases, become separated from each other.

The Permian-Triassic extinction event ((“the Great Dying”, “End Permian
Extinction”, “P-T Extinction Event”), formed the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geologic periods, as weel as between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras approximately 251.9 million years ago. It is the Earth's most severe known extinction event, with
the extinction of 57% of biological families, 83% of genera, 81% of marine species and 70% of terrestrial vertebrate species. It was the largest known mass extinction of insects. There is evidence that the P-T boundary was caused by the a series of volcanic eruptions in Siberia

a mass extinction that destroyed a majority of world's Mesozoic species, including all dinosaurs except for birds. Strong evidence exitst that the extinction coincided with a large meteorite impact at the Chicxulub crater and generally accepted scientific theory is that this impact triggered the extinction event.

A layered calcium carbonate structure generally produced by cyanobacteria living in an aquatic environment

Organisms that cannot produce their own organic molecules by using energy from inorganic sources or light, they must obtain on one or more organic compounds from their environment

An organism that has metabolic pathways that use energy from either nonorganic molecules or light to make organic molecules.

processes where by light energy is captrued by plant, algal, or photosynthetic bacteria cells and is used to synthesize organic molecules from CO2 and H2O

A theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts orginated from bacteria that took up residence within primordial eukaryotic cells

semiautonomous organelles found in eukaryotic cells that supply most of
a cell’s ATP

semiautonomous organelles found in plant and algal cells tht cary out
photosynthesis

describes organisms consisting of more than one cell, particularly when
cell-to-cell adherence and signaling processes and cellular specialization can be
demonstrated

An event during the Cambrain Period (543-490 mya)in which there
was an abrupt increase (on a geological scale) in the diversity of animal species.

a supercontinent that existed in the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic eras.

diagram that describes the hypothesized evolutionary relationships among various species, based on information available to and
gathered by systematists.

an order of mammals characterized that arose 85-55 mya characterized by
binocular vision, at least some digits with flat nails instead of claws, a large brain and complex social behavior with well-developed parental care.