Cardiac Meds Adverse Reactions Flashcards

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created 10 months ago by AmazingReign
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These note cards are intended to be used as a tool for memorizing general information about commonly used drugs in paramedicine. They do not replace your standing orders nor protocols for your service in anyway. Best suited for students preparing for written exams.
updated 8 months ago by AmazingReign
Subjects:
paramedic pharmacology
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1

Adenosine

Adverse Reactions:

  • Facial flushing
  • SOB
  • Wheezing
  • Chest pain
  • Headache
  • Paresthesia
  • Diaphoresis
  • Palpitations
  • Hypotension
  • Nausea
  • Metallic taste

2

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Adverse Reactions:

  • Hypotension
  • Bradycardia
  • Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)
  • Congestive Heart Failure(CHF)
  • Nausea
  • Fever

3

Aspirin (ASA)

Adverse Reactions:

  • Heartburn
  • GI bleeding
  • Prolonged bleeding
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Wheezing in allergic patients

4

Atropine sulfate

Adverse Reactions:

  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Palpitations
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Tachycardia/Dysrhythmias
  • Anticholinergic effects (blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention)
  • Paradoxical bradycardia (when pushed slowly or at low doses)
  • Flushed, hot dry skin

5

Calcium chloride

Adverse Reactions:

  • Bradycardia
  • Asystole
  • Hypotension
  • Peripheral vasodilatation
  • Metallic taste
  • Local necrosis
  • Coronary & cerebral artery spasm
  • Nausea/Vomiting.

6

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Adverse Reactions:

  • Bradycardia
  • Second or Third-degree AV blocks
  • Chest pain
  • CHF
  • Syncope
  • V-Fib
  • V-tach
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Dizziness
  • Dry mouth
  • Dyspnea
  • Headache

7

Dopamine (Intropin)

Adverse Reactions:

  • Cardiac dysrhythmias
  • Hypertension
  • Increased myocardial oxygen demand
  • Extravagation may cause tissue necrosis

8

Epinephrine

Adverse Reactions:

  • Hypertension
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Anxiety
  • Psychomotor agitation
  • Nausea
  • Angina
  • Headache
  • Restlessness

9

Fentanyl citrate (Sublimaze)

Adverse Reactions:

  • The most common serious adverse reactions reported to occur are respiratory depression, apnea, rigidity and bradycardia; if these remain untreated, respiratory arrest, circulatory depression or cardiac arrest could occur.
  • Other adverse reactions that have been reported are hypertension, hypotension, dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, emesis, laryngospasm, chest wall rigidity and diaphoresis.
  • It has been reported that secondary rebound respiratory depression may occasionally occur.

Patients should be monitored for this possibility and appropriate countermeasures taken as necessary.

10

Furosemide (Lasix)

Adverse Reactions:

  • May exacerbate Hypovolemia
  • Hypokalemia
  • ECG changes
  • Dry mouth
  • Hypochloremia
  • Hyponatremia

11

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Adverse Reactions:

  • Slurred speech
  • Seizures
  • AMS/Confusion
  • Lightheadedness
  • Blurred vision
  • Bradycardia

12

Magnesium sulfate

Adverse Reactions:

  • Respiratory and CNS depression
  • Hypotension
  • Cardiac arrest &/or Asystole may occur
  • Facial flushing
  • Diaphoresis
  • Depressed reflexes
  • Circulatory collapse

13

Metoprolol (Lopressor/Toprol XL)

Adverse Reactions:

  • Respiratory:
    Bronchospasm
  • Cardiovascular:
    Bradycardia
    Palpitations
    Edema
    Congestive heart failure (CHF)
    Reduced peripheral circulation.
  • Central nervous system:
    Drowsiness
    Insomnia

14

Morphine sulfate

Adverse Reactions:

  • Respiratory depression
  • Hypotension
  • Decreased LOC
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Bradycardia
  • Tachycardia
  • Syncope
  • Facial flushing
  • Euphoria
  • Bronchospasm
  • Dry mouth

15

Nitroglycerin (Nitrolingual/NitroQuick/Nitro-Dur)

Adverse Reactions:

  • Headache
  • Hypotension
  • Syncope
  • Reflex tachycardia
  • Flushing
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Diaphoresis
  • Muscle twitching

16

Norepinephrine

Adverse Reactions:

  • Slow, irregular, or pounding heart rate
  • High blood pressure
  • Allergic reactions like skin rash, itching, hives, or swelling
  • Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
  • Severe headache, blurred vision, or confusion

17

Oxygen

Adverse Reactions:

  • Decreased level of consciousness and respiratory depression in patients with chronic CO2 retention.
  • Retrolental fibroplasia if given in high concentrations to premature infants. (maintain 30-40% 02)

18

Sodium Bicarbonate

Adverse Reactions:

  • Metabolic alkalosis
  • Hypokalemia
  • Hyperosmolarity
  • Fluid overload
  • Increase in tissue acidosis
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Tetany
  • Seizures
  • Tissue sloughing at injection site