What is the study of fungi called?
Mycology
What is a person who studies fungi called?
Mycologist
What is the primary component of fungi cell walls?
Chitin
What is a saprotroph?
Organisms that decompose organic matter
What are the thread like filaments that make up a fungus?
Hyphae
What is the body of a fungus called?
Mycelium
What are Septate Hyphae?
Tiny pores
What are Nonseptate Hyphae?
Doesn’t have true septa with pores, they are one continuous cell
Name three ways that fungi can reproduce asexually? Define each.
Cell fission(unicellular), budding(unicellular), asexual spores(multicellular and unicellular)
One of the primary uses of the ascomycete ______________ is giving cheeses their distinctive appearances, flavors, odors, and textures?
penicillium
The antibiotic penicillin, discovered by Alexander Fleming, is made by the ascomycete ________.
Penicillium
What is the club fungus that is parasitic on wheat and other cereal crops?
Rust
What is the club fungus that is parasitic on corn and other cereal crops?
Smut
To which Division (scientific and common name) do turkey tail fungi and shelf fungi belong?
Basidiomycota/ club fungi
To which Division (scientific and common name) do puffballs and stinkhorns belong?
Basidiomycota/ club fungi
What is soil?
A mixture of mineral particles
What is a mineral?
An inorganic substance usually containing two or more elements; nutrients absorbed by roots
What are essential nutrients?
Those nutrients without which the plant will die
What are macronutrients?
Essential nutrients that occur in greater relative concentrations in plants
What are micronutrients?
Essential nutrients that occur in lesser relative concentrations in plants
What are beneficial nutrients?
Nutrients either required for or that enhanced the growth of a particular plant
What is hydroponics?
Water culture growing plants without soil in a water culture so that mineral requirements can be determined
What is differential growth?
Controlled by hormones
What are nastic movements and give examples?
Doesn’t involve growth, Venus fly trap catches bug
What is Turgor pressure?
The force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall
What are hormones?
Chemical signals produced in low concentrations and active in other parts of plants
What is the gametophyte generation?
Haploid generation
What is the sporophyte generation?
Diploid generation
Which generation is dominant?
Gametophyte
What is Phylum Anthophyta? (Know some examples and basic facts)
Largest and youngest plant
What is Class Monocotyledones? (Know some examples and basic facts)
One cotyledon in seed(iris, daylilies)
What is Class Dicotyledones? (Know some examples and basic facts)
Two cotyledons in seed(azaleas, dogwoods)
What is the monocot leaf venation?
Parallel
What is the monocot arrangement of flower parts?
Most have sets of three
How many cotyledons do monocots have?
1
What is the dicot arrangement of xylem & phloem in stems? In roots?
The xylem is in the center and the phloem is around the stem/ in the roots they are both in the center
What is the dicot arrangement of flower parts?
4 and 5
How many cotyledons do dicots have?
Two
What is a Complete flower?
flowers that have sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels; all four whorls
What is an Incomplete flower?
those flowers lacking one of more of the following, sepals, petals, stamens, and/ or carpels; lacking any whorl
What is a Perfect flower?
flowers that contain both stamens and carpels; majority of flowers are perfect
What is an Imperfect flower?
flowers that contain only stamens or only carpels, not both
What does it mean for a plant to be Monoecious?
plants having both stamenate and carpellate flowers
What does it mean for a plant to be Dioecious?
plants having only staminate flowers or only carpellate flowers, not both
What is Self pollination?
pollen from a plant is transferred to stigma on same plant
What is Cross pollination?
pollen from one plant is transferred to stigma of another plant