Tibiofibular joint
tibiofibular syndesmosis (inferior)
fibers of the interosseus membrane and all ligaments of these joints run inferiorly from tibia to fibula to resist the downward pull of the fibular muscle attachments
Superior Tibiofibular Joint
flat facet of fibular head and articular facet posteriolaterally on lateral tibial condyle.
what type of joint is superior tibiofibular joint?
plane synovial joint
What tibiofibular ligaments strenghten the capsule?
anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments
What tendon passes across the posterior joint?
popliteus tendon
What is the motion of the tibiofibular joint?
motion, slight fibular movement w/ dorsiflexion
tibiofibular syndesmosis
fibrous union of tibia and fibula by interosseus membrane as well as anterior, interosseus, and posterior ligaments
what type of joint is tibiofibular syndesmosis?
compound fibrous joint
how is the capsule strengthened in the tibiofibular syndesmosis joint?
anterior and posterior inferior tibiofibular ligaments, inferior transverse ligament
retinaculum
CT band that crosses over tendons to keep them from being displaced UPWARD when muscle shortens and bends the joints. Friction of tendons happens at this location.
synovial sheath
modified bursa that wraps around a tendon to protect it from friction on all sides (wrist, ankles, digits)
anterior compartment
between lateral surface of tibial shaft and medial surface of fibular shaft, anterior to interosseus membrane
forms 2 bands of fascia that forms retinaculum before and after muscle cross the ankle joint
deep fibular nerve (found in anterior compartment)
accompanies anterior tibial artery between TA and EDL
anterior tibial artery (found in anterior compartment)
at ankle midpoint between malleoli changes name to become dorsal artery of foot (dorsalis pedis)
during gait these muscles contract to raise foot to clear ground during swing phase. after heelstrike they ECCENTRICALLY contract to lower forefoot to ground
anterior compartment
superior fibular retinaculum
found in lateral compartment
superficial fibular nerve (found in lateral compartment)
sciatic n branches into tibial and common fibular nerve (at apex of popliteal fossa) which then splits into superficial and deep fibular nerves
also innervates skin on distal 1/3 of anterior leg and dorsum of foot
tibial n (posterior compartment)
larger branch of sciatic, deep to soleus, at ankle lies between tendons of flexor hallicus longus and flexor digitorum longus. divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves posterior/inferior to medial malleolus
posterior tibial artery (posterior compartment)
from popliteal artery, travels deep to origin of origin of soleus, and descends to behind medial malleolus and splits into medial and lateral plantar arteries
fibular artery (posterior compartment)
branch from posterior tibial artery, descends from distal border of popliteus toward fibula along or within flexor hallicus longus, passes through interosseus membrane and into dorsum of foot
tibialis anterior pa
lateral condyle and superior 1/2 of lateral surface of tibia and interosseus membrane
tibialis anterior da
medial and inferior surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
tibialis anterior n
deep fibular N L4-L5 (one)
tibialis anterior a
dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot
extensor digitorum longus pa
lateral condyle of tibia and superior 3/4 of medial surface of fibula and interosseus membrane
extensor digitorum longus da
middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
extensor digitorum longus n
deep fibular nerve L4-L5 (two)
extensor digitorum longus a
extends lateral 4 digits and dorsiflexes ankle
extensor hallicus longus pa
middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseus membrane
extensor hallicus longus da
dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe
extensor hallicus longus n
deep fibular n L5-S1 (three)
extensor hallicus longus a
extends great toe and dorsiflexes the ankle
fibularis tertius pa
inferior 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseus membrane
fibularis tertius da
dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
fibularis tertius n
deep fibular n L5-S1 (four)
fibularis tertius a
dorsiflexes ankle and everts
fibularis longus pa
head and superior 2/3 of lateral fibula
fibularis longus da
base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
fibularis longus n
superficial fibular L5-S2 (one)
fibularis longus a
evert w/ weak plantarflexion (one)
fibularis brevis pa
inferior 2/3 of lateral fibula
fibularis brevis da
dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal
fibularis brevis n
superficial fibular n L5-S2 (two)
fibularis brevis a
everts foot w/ weak plantarflex (two)
gastrocnemius lateral head pa
lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
gastrocnemius medial head pa
popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris da
posterior surface of calcaneous via calcaneal tendon
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris n
tibial nerve S1-S2
gastrocnemius a
plantarflexes ankle when knee extended, flex leg at knee joint, raises heel when walking (muscles eccentrically contract)
soleus pa
posterior aspect of head of fibula; superior 1/4 of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line and middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia
soleus a
plantarflexes indepenent of knee position, steadies leg on foot
plantaris pa
inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament
plantaris a
weakly assist gasttrocnemius with plantar flexion and proptioception
popliteus pa
lateral surface of lateral condyle of femus and lateral meniscus
popliteus da
posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line
popliteus, FHL, FDL, TP n
tibial nerve
L4-S1
S2-S3
S2-S3
L4-L5
popliteus a
weakly flex knee and unlocks in by rotating femur 5 degrees on fixed tibia; medially rotates tibia of unplanted limb
flexor hallicus longus pa
inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula; inferior part of interosseus membrane
flexor hallicus longus da
base of distal phalanx of great toe
flexor hallicus longus a
flexes great toe at all joints; weakly plantarflexes ankle; supports medial longtiduinal arches of foot
flexor digitorum longus pa
medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; by a broad tendon to fibula
flexor digitorum longus da
base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
flexor digitorum a
flexes lateral 4 digits, plantarflexion, supports longitudinal arch of foot
tibialis posterior pa
interosseus membrane; posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; posterios surface of fibula
tibialis posterior da
tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform and cuboid; bases of 2,3, and 4th metatarsals
tibialis posterior a
plantarflexes ankle, inverts foot