Was Mollusca the first phylum that we covered to show eucoelom?
No
Was Mollusca the first phylum that we covered to show extensive specialization of the digestive tract?
No
What is the larval type for mollusks?
Trochophore larvae
What are some of the major characteristics of mollusks?
Large phylum, primarily aquatic, range from very small to very large, usually have a 1 or 2 shell, Eucoelomate
What is the 180o twisting of a mollusks visceral mass?
Torsion
What makes class Bivalvia unique from other mollusks?
They have a two part hinged shell
What is the class for cuttlefish?
Class Cephalopoda
What is the class for mussels?
Class Bivalvia
What is the tissue origin for octopus’ eyes?
Esp eyes
What is the respiratory pigment in cephalopods?
hemocyanin
What type of feeding method do cephalopods use?
They use a radula like a tongue and scrape food into their break
What functions does the muscular foot of mollusks perform for the different classes?
Gliding/ Creeping (gastropods & chitons)
Attachment/disc (bivalves)
Swimming/parapodia or fins (nudibranchs)
Jet propulsion/siphon (cephalopods)
What is the meaning of the word gastropoda?
Elongated, flattened foot
Are mollusks protostomes or deuterostomes?
Protostomes
Do mollusks have a schizocoelom or an enterocoelom?
Schizocoelom
How many plates make up the shells of chitons?
Eight
What is the rasping organ of mollusks?
Radula
What is the name of the gills inside a nudibranch mantle cavity?
Ctenidia
Do bivalves have a well developed brain?
No
What are the rod shaped chemosensory organs on the head of sea slugs?
Rhinophore
The term “valve” in Bivalvia refers to what?
Two shells
How do bivalves feed?
Filter feeders; they used ciliated gills for feeding
What is the substance on the inside of a bivalve’s shell?
Nacre
What are the light sensory organs on the margin of bivalve shells?
Ocelli
What is the term meaning serial repetition of body parts in bilaterally symmetrical animals?
Segmentation (Metamerism)
Is Annelida the first phylum to show a closed circulatory system?
No
Do segmented roundworms have a complete digestive tract?
Yes
What type of muscles do earthworms have?
Longitudinal and circular muscles
What is the grinding digestive organ in annelids?
Gizzard
What are the bristle like structures that oligochaetes use to aid locomotion?
Setae
What are the biramous projections seen in polychaetes?
Parapodia
What is the class for leeches?
Class Hirudinea
What is the class for fan worms?
Class Polychaeta
What is the anticoagulant secreted by leeches?
Hirudin
Do earthworms use self or cross-fertilization?
Cross fertilization
What is cross fertilization?
Direct development
What type of skeleton do earthworms have?
Hydrostatic skeleton
Are earthworms monoecious or dioecious?
Monoecious
What respiratory pigment do earthworms use?
Hemoglobin
What type of feeding method do clam worms use?
They extend their proboscis to snag prey and bring it into their mouth; they often feed on other worms
What is the common name for members of Phylum Onychophora?
Velvet Worm
What is the fusion of body segments into body regions (e.g. cephalothorax)?
Tagmosis
How do insects transport O2 to cells?
Transport used a tracheal and gill respiratory system.
Which subphylum of arthropod uses book lungs or book gills for respiration?
Subphylum Chelicerta
Which subphylum of arthropod uses trachae for respiration?
Subphylum Uniramia
Which subphylum of arthropod uses gills for respiration?
Subphylum Crustacea
Which subphylum of arthropod has a cephalothorax abdomen tagmosis?
Subphylum Arachnida
What is the cycle for complete metamorphosis?
Egg, larvae, pupa, adult
What is the order for cockroaches?
Order Blatteria
What is the order for beetles?
Order Coleoptera
What is the order for moths?
Order Lepidoptera
What is the excretory organ for crustaceans?
Antennal glands
What does the word “Uniramia” mean?
One branch
What type of skeleton do arthropods use?
Exoskeleton
Which members of uniramia have a head trunk tagmosis?
Chilipoda (centipedes), Diplopedes (millipedes)
Which subclass of uniramia have a head thorax-abdomen tagmosis?
Insecta
What is the hormone that stimulates insects to shed?
Ecdysis
Do arthropods have a schizocoelom or a deuterocoelom?
Schizocoelom
What are the additional hearts that pump blood as insects fly or walk?
Thoracic heart
What are the excretory organs of spiders?
Malpighian tubules
What are the first pair of feeding appendages in spiders?
Claws
How many antennae to chelicerates have?
None
What is the long tail of the horseshoe crab called?
Telson
What are the respiratory organs of chelicerates?
Book gills
What is the class for scorpions?
Class Chelicerata
What are some diseases that ticks can vector?
Scabes and mange
Are crustacean appendages uniramous or biramous?
Biramous
Which crustaceans form the major portion of the diet of commercial fish?
Copepods
What is the subclass for barnacles?
Subclass Theocostraca
What is the class for lobsters?
Subclass Malacostraca
Which crustaceans are terrestrial?
Sow/pill bugs
Which crustaceans form a major portion of the diet of baleen whales?
Malacostraca, “krill”
Are insect appendages uniramous or biramous?
Uniramous
Are millipedes predators?
No
What is the study of insects called?
Entomology
What’s the order for locusts?
Order Orthoptera
What’s the order for dragonflies?
Order Odonata
What’s the order for mantises?
Order Mantodea
What’s the order for termites?
Order Blattodea
What’s the order for mosquitoes?
Order Diptera
What’s the order for stink bugs?
Order Hemiptera
What’s the order for honey bees?
Order Hymenopterans
What is the name for the blood of insects?
Hemolymph
What portion of the young adult population harbors mites?
99%
Crustacean gills have what function(s)?
Ion transport and osmoregulation
What is the subphylum for crayfish?
Subphylum Crustacea
What is the major characteristic that differentiates starfish from insects?
Starfish are aquatic
What is the structure that brings water into a starfish’s water vascular system?
Madreporite
What is the fluid filled sac at the base of a starfish’s tube feet?
Ampulla
How do starfish feed on bivalve mollusks?
Use tube feet to pull against valve with makes them open a small gap and goings into the stomach
What type of symmetry do sea stars have?
Penta-radial
What is the class for brittlestars?
Class Ophiuroidea
What is the class for sea urchins?
Class Echinoidea
What is the class for featherstars?
Class Crinoidea
What is the class for sea cucumbers?
Class Holothuroidea
What is the typical symmetry for sea stars?
Penta-radial
How does a starfish feed on bivalve mollusks?
Grasp both of bivalve’s shell with tube feet-Extrude stomach through mouth-Push stomach into bivalve
Are echinoderms protostomes or deuterostomes?
Deuterostomes
Do echinoderms have a schizocoelom or a enterocoelom?
Entercoelom
What is the subphylum for tunicates?
Subphylum Urochordata
What is the subphylum for amphioxus?
Subphylum Cephalochordata
What organ gives subphylum Chordata its name?
Notochord
What is meant by hermaphroditic (scientific term)?
An organism that has both reproductive organs both female/male parts
What cells secrete the tunic in sea squirts?
Morula cells
Do tunicates undergo direct development?
No