Avogadro's Law
equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles
Boyle's Law
for a given mass of a gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure
Charles' Law
the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant
Combined Gas Law
the law that describes the relationship among the pressure, temperature, and volume of an enclosed gas
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures
at constant volume and temperature, the total pressure exerted by a mixture of aases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases
Gay-Lussac's Law
the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the volume is
constan
Ideal Gas Constant
the constant in the ideal gas law with the symbol R and the value R 8.31 L kPa mol' K
Ideal Gas Law
the relationship PV = RT, which describes the behavior of an ideal gas
kinetic molecular theory
model that explains the physical properties of gases based on the submicroscopic behavior of gas particles; in mathematical form, it yields the ideal gas equation
mixture
a blend of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
molar volume
volume of one mole of an ideal gas at standard conditions: 0°C or 273 K and 1 atm, 101.3 kPa., 760 mm Hg, or 760 torr
molecules
neutral groups of atoms united by covalent bonds
partial pressure
pressure exerted by each component gas in a mixture of gases
particle volume
volume of gases at the same temperature and pressure have an equal number of particles: Avogadro's principle
Preassure
a force exerted by a substance per unit area on another substance
temperature
a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in matter; temperature determines the direction of heat transfer
volume
a measure of the space occupied by a sample of matter