Chapter 23 & 24 - Digestive Physiology and Metabolism Quiz Flashcards

The smooth muscle action involving peristalsis primarily functions to:

1) mix food in the mouth

2) aid in urination

3) propel food from the mouth during vomiting

4) move food through the intestine

Which of the following substances would not be able to act directly on food to cause chemical digestion?

1) pepsin

2) amylase

3) secretin

4) protease

5) brush border enzymes

How is salivation controlled?

1) By an alkaline pH

2) By salivary hormones produced by the epithelium of the oral cavity

3) By an acidic pH

4) By the parasympathetic nervous system

5) By the sympathetic nervous system

Samantha was diagnosed as having gastric ulcers and her stomach contents were sent for analysis. The results showed that she did not have helicobacter pylori infection. Among the choices below, which would be a likely possibility as being the cause of the ulcer?

1) increased pepsin secretion

2) increased histamine secretion

3) increased mucus secretion

4) lack of pace maker cells

Which one of the following would most likely neutralize stomach acid in the intestine?

1) Secretion of bile from the liver

2) Secretion of brush border enzymes from the lining of the small intestine

3) Secretion of pancreatic amylase

4) Secretion of bicarbonate ions by the pancreas

The main chemical activity of the stomach is to begin:

1) breakdown of food into smaller particles by churning movements

2) digestion of lipids

3) digestion of carbohydrates

4) digestion of proteins

Which of the following statements best describes the action of CCK?

1) contraction of the gall bladder and relaxation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter

2) contraction of the gall bladder and the hepatopancreatic sphincter

3) relaxation of the gall bladder and the hepatopancreatic sphincter

4) relaxation of the gall bladder and contraction of the hepatopancreatic sphincter

Mucus secreted by the stomach serves to:

1) protect the stomach from HCl acid

2) digest carbohydrates

3) digest proteins

4) protect the gall bladder

The stimulus for production of intestinal juice is the presence of acidic chyme in the small intestine.

1) True

2) False

Which of the below organs is the primary site of nutrient absorption?

1) small intestine

2) liver

3) large intestine

4) stomach

5) pancreas

Brush border enzymes are produced by:

1) epithelial cells of the gastric pits

2) epithelial cells lining the villi of the small intestine

3) epithelial cells lining the crypts of Lieberkuhn

4) epithelial cells lining the colon

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the large intestine?

1) Is divided into ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid portions.

2) Contains bacteria that synthesize certain nutritional factors such as vitamin K and B complex.

3) Serves as the main digestive organ.

4) Absorbs much of the water remaining in the undigested chyme.

Gastric movements are inhibited by?

1) glucagon

2) secretin

3) gastrin

4) pepsin

5) chymotrypsin

Chemical digestion involves:

1) enzymatic action on complex substances to break them into simpler substances

2) anabolic processes..joining together smaller molecules

3) the churning of food in the stomach

4) segmentation in the small intestine

Digestion of which of the following would be affected the most if the liver was severely damaged?

1) carbohydrates

2) proteins

3) lipids[fats]

4) nucleases

Control of digestive activity is mainly through the sympathetic nervous system.

1) True

2) False

Under the stimulus of _________ bile production is increased at the _____.

1) CCK, small intestine

2) secretin, liver

3) CCK, stomach

4) secretin, pancreas

5) gastrin, liver

Pepsin is produced in the __________ and initiates the chemical breakdown of ____________.

1) mouth, complex carbohydrates

2) stomach, nucleic acids

3) stomach, lipids

4) stomach, nucleic acids

5) stomach, proteins

Brush border enzymes help digest..

1) fats

2) carbohydrates

3) carbohydrates and proteins

4) proteins and fats

5) proteins

Which of the below substances are passively absorbed?

1) glucose, fat

2) amino acids, water

3) water, fat

4) glucose ,amino acids

The enzyme most responsible for acting on fat is primarily produced by the:

1) salivary glands

2) stomach

3) small intestine

4) pancreas

5) liver

When chyme is squirted into the duodenum, what is the normal amount that is squirted at each wave?

1) 3 ml.

2) 50 ml

3) 100 ml

4) 500 ml

Chemical digestion of carbohydrates is initiated in the__________ with __________enzyme.

1) stomach, pepsin

2) mouth, trypsin

3) mouth , amylase

4) stomach, amylase

5) mouth, lipase

Which one of the following enzymes digests proteins?

1) sucrase

2) lipase

3) amylase

4) dipeptides

5) pepsin

Which of the following apply to the small intestine?

1) Foods are acted on for the first time in this organ by protein splitting enzymes.

2) Most of the nutrient absorption from the digestive tract occurs here.

3) Carbohydrates and proteins but not fats are digested.

4) Bile is produced here.

Although food does NOT pass through this structure enzymes are secreted here that are capable of digesting carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

1) liver

2) small intestine

3) pancreas

4) large intestine

5) stomach

The absorbable digestion byproduct of starch is:

1) glucose

2) amino acid

3) fatty acid

4) polysaccharide

5) glycerol

The absorbable products of protein digestion are:

1) monosaccharides

2) fatty acids

3) amino acids

4) nucleotides

5) glycerol and water

When aminoacids are utilized to synthesize glucose the process is called?

1) gluconeogenesis

2) glucogenolysis

3) glycogenesis

4) glycogenolysis

Excess glucose that is absorbed by the body is stored principally in the:

1) skeletal muscle and liver

2) adipose tissue and brain

3) gall bladder and pancreas

4) heart and brain

5) smooth muscle and liver

Which of the following substances increases in amount during cellular respiration?

1) ATP

2) oxygen

3) glucose

4) glycogen

Anabolic metabolism includes:

1) the process of glycolysis

2) destructive processes by which substances are decomposed

3) changes of larger molecules into smaller ones

4) constructive processes by which substances are synthesized

The function of chylomicrons is to:

1) transport proteins which are broken down by digestive enzymes, to the tissues for repair of worn out cells.

2) to transport lipids in the diet to adipose tissue for storage

3) to transport lipids manufactured in the body to adipose tissue for storage

4) to transport lipids in the diet to the blood vessels for formation of plaques

Chemical digestion of lipids results in which products?

1) fatty and amino acids

2) water and glycerol

3) monosaccharides and peptides

4) monoglycerides and fatty acids

5) glycerol and monosaccharides

Which of the following is NOT an example of an anabolic reaction?

1) conversion of glucose into triglycerides

2) conversion of glycogen into glucose

3) conversion of glucose into proteins

4) conversion of amino acids into complex proteins