What are the MOAs for phenolics?
Denaturation of proteins
Destruction of cell membranes
Destruction of cell walls
What are examples of phenolics?
Lysol, pine sol
What are some examples of bisphenols?
Hexachlorophene (surgical/hospital control procedures)
Triclosan (soap)
What are the MOA of bisphenols
Disrupts the plasma membranes
What are the examples of biguanides?
Chlorhexidine (skin and mucous membranes)
What is the MOA for biguanides?
Disrupts plasma membranes
What is the MOA for halogens?
Denatures proteins by disrupting disulfide bonds
Interferes with disulfide bonds of proteins
What are some examples of halogens?
Chlorine - CL2, hypochlorites (chlorine, bleach), chloramines (water, sewage)
Iodine - I2, Iodophors (betadine) - degerming medical/dental agents
What are some examples of Alcohols?
Ethanol, Isopropanol
What is the MOA of alcohols
Denatures proteins
Dissolves lipids
What do alcohols require?
WATER (70% concentration)
What are the different concentrations of Hydrogen peroxide?
Strong are sporicidal
Antiseptic at low concentrations
What is the MOA for hydrogen peroxide?
Produce highly reactive hydroxyl free radicals that damage protein and DNA
What are some examples of heavy metals
Silver Nitrate
Silver sulfadiazine
Copper Sulfate
What is the MOA for heavy metals
denatures proteins
What is oligodynamic?
Heavy metals used in small concentrations
What are some examples of detergents and soaps
Quaternary Ammonium compounds (quats)
Acid-anionic detergents
What is the MOA for detergents and soaps
Denatures proteins
Disrupts the plasma membrane
Bactericidal
What are examples of Aldehydes
Glutaraldehyde in 2% solution (CIDEX)
Formaldehyde (disinfectant) - Formalin (37% aqueous solution)
What is the MOA for aldehydes
kills by alkylating protein and DNA
What are some examples of gases and aerosols?
Ethylene oxide
Propylene oxide
(disinfects foods/plastics)
What is the MOA for gases and aerosols
Denatures proteins
What are some examples of chemical food preservatives
Sorbic acid, benzoic acid, calcium propionate, acetic acid
Antibiotics - nisin and natamycin
Lactic acid
What is the MOA for chemical food preservatives
Inhibit metabolism