The larynx is formed by three cartilages: the thyroid cartilage, the __________ cartilage, and the cricoid cartilage.
epiglottis
Normally, when blood levels of carbon dioxide rise, __________.
the rate and depth of breathing increase
Carbon monoxide gas is poisonous to humans and is particularly dangerous because it binds to the same receptor sites on hemoglobin as does _________
type answer
oxygen
In which disorder is airflow to the lungs limited and do the alveoli become enlarged?
COPD(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease )
The third cartilage of the larynx is called the __________ cartilage, which forms most of the posterior wall of the larynx and a small part of the anterior wall.
cricoid
Inadequate oxygenation of the cells is called __________
Hypoxia
Which of the following lines the nasal cavity and helps remove pathogens?
Cilia
Most of the carbon dioxide that enters the blood is converted to __________ acid by red blood cells.
Carbonic
The fatty substance that helps maintain the inflation of the alveoli so that they do not collapse in on themselves between inspirations is called __________
Surfactant
Smokers are much more likely to develop __________ than are nonsmokers, and repeated episodes increase a person's chance of eventually developing lung cancer.
bronchitis
Most of the oxygen in the bloodstream binds to the heme portion of __________ in red blood cells.
Hemoglobin
When a patient has fluid and/or pus in the pleural cavity, a(n) __________ is done to remove it.
thoracocentesis
Breathing rapidly and deeply, which decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood, is called __________
Hyperventilation
Which of the following exerts control on the respiratory rhythm?
medulla oblongata
Which of the following is an acute type of bacterial pneumonia caused by bacteria found in air conditioning systems?
Legionnaire's disease
In which condition does inflammation cause an obstruction in the tubes of the bronchial tree?
Asthma
The amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs during a normal breath is the __________.
tidal volume
The medical term for a collapsed lung is __________
type answer
Atelectasis
In severe cases of snoring, patients may need surgery to trim excess tissues in the throat; this is called a(n) __________
uvolotomy
What is the medical term for the opening between the vocal cords?
glottis
The function of the respiratory system is to move air in and out of the lungs. This process is called __________ respiration, or breathing. Type answer
ventilation
Which of the following is caused by smoking or by exposure to radon, asbestos, or industrial carcinogens?
Lung cancer
Difficulty breathing, especially when lying down, is a condition known as __________
orthopnea
The medical term for when a patient has difficulty breathing is __________. Type answer
Dyspnea
Lung diseases that result from years of exposure to different environmental or occupational types of dust are called __________
Type answer
Pneumoconiosis
Symptoms of atelectasis include dyspnea, __________ or excessive perspiration, anxiety, tachycardia, and intercostal muscle retraction.
Type answer
Diaphoresis
Hemoglobin bound to oxygen is bright red in color and is called __________.Type answer
Oxyhemoglobin
Which of the following is a relatively new respiratory disease caused by a virus that is very contagious and sometimes fatal?
SARS
Which of the following prevents food from entering the airway during swallowing?
epiglottis
Another name for an upper respiratory tract infection (URI) or the common cold is _________
Type answer
Coryza
Which of the following is caused by a virus and lasts 5–10 days?
Influenza
The nasal cavity is divided by the __________.
Nasal septum
Allergic __________ is a hypersensitivity reaction to various airborne allergens.
Rhinitis