ch3 &4 sociology quiz Flashcards


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1

Elise travels across Thailand with her friends and, to her surprise, finds the country quite unlike the United States. "I hate the food," she tells her family at home. "I hate the language, I hate the weird customs and awful music. America is clearly the best place to be." This is an example of _______.

Ethnocentrism

2

Which of the following is an example of an informal sanction?

The football team throwing a slushy in Finn's face because he tried to join the Glee club.

3

A cultural universal is:

A pattern or trait common to all societies.

4

The term language can be defined as:

a symbolic system through which people communicate and through which culture is transmitted.

5

Which of the following is an example of cultural relativism?

Helena putting aside her vegetarianism to eat meals with the local tribe she is studying.

6

In 1999, Sean Fanning, John Fanning, and Sean Parker invented Napster, a global, free-of-charge, peer-to-peer music sharing program. Prior to Napster, no such program existed. The three men created _____.

An innovation

7

Angelica visits Thailand with her family. When she wears short-shorts and tank tops while visiting a series of temples during her first week, she is met with hostility from the locals. She feels she no longer knows how to behave or interact with those outside her family. Angelica is experiencing _____.

Culture shock

8

MTV's widely-watched TV series The Jersey Shore is an example of _____, while the obscure works of playwright Sam Shepard are an example of ______.

Popular culture; high culture

9

Many Americans pay for haircuts, trips to the dentist, or transportation on the metro and bus systems. These actions support the notion of capitalism, an example of _____.

Non-material culture

10

Which of the following is an example of a counterculture?

The hippie movement of the 1960's

11

The term institutionalization can be defined as:

The act of implanting a convention or norm into society.

12

Functionalist Émile Durkheim viewed society as:

An organism in which each portion plays a vital role in keeping the organism stable and healthy

13

Charles Cooley's concept of the looking-glass self hypothesizes that:

People base their images on how they think other people see them.

14

Which of the following is NOT an example of self-fulfilling prophecy?

Kevin sprained his ankle a month before a marathon. Though his trainer advises him not to participate, Kevin runs the marathon and places third.

15

_____ describes how any action that is repeated frequently becomes cast into a pattern

Habitualization

16

Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto is based on the ____ perspective.

Conflict Theory

17

Durkheim defined ______ as the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society.

Collective conscience

18

The concept anomie can be defined as:

A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness.

19

Which of the following is an example of role strain?

Becca returns to work after giving birth to her daughter, finding it difficult to act as mother, wife, and executive.

20

Which of the following is NOT one of Marx's four types of alienation?

Alienation from one's religion

21

Xenocentrism is:

The opposite of ethnocentrism

22

What is one difference between a more and a folkway?

Mores may carry serious consequences if violated; folkways do not.

23

What group defines themselves through a rejection of the mainstream:

Hipsters

24

The term values can be defined as:

A culture's standard for discerning what's good and just in society.

25

Which of the following is NOT an example of a formal norm within the United States?

Making eye contact while speaking

26

Kurt and Mitch visit an Amish village on a class trip. "Let's see if we can round up some old radios and appliances and drop them off for them later this week. I think they'll appreciate it. They just don't understand what they're missing." Mitch rolls his eyes. Kurt's perspective is an example of _______.

Cultural imperialism

27

In the early 2000's, The L Word and Queer as Folk debuted on Showtime. Both shows depicted the lives of members of the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) community, thus giving viewers a glimpse into a ______.

Subculture

28

Janet is visiting her childhood friend in the Hamptons. Janet wears ripped jeans and Chuck Taylors to an infamous "White" party. The majority of party-goers refuse to socialize with her. Janet is experiencing a form of ____.

Social control

29

Karl Marx asserted that the means of societal change existed in the tension between:

The working class proletariat taking the means of production from the wealthy bourgeois.

30

As industrialization began to boom, Durkheim believed people were more susceptible to anomie because:

Collective norms are weakened.All of the aboveSpecialization of labor lead to alienation.Society no longer has the support of the collective consciousness.

31

Alienation is defined by the text as:

The condition in which the individual is isolated and divorced from his or her society, work, or sense of self.

32

Please place the following societies in chronological order:

Hunter-gatherer; Pastoral; Horticultural; Agricultural

33

Which of the following is NOT an example of organic solidarity?

A freelance artist creating a sculpture of Barack Obama

34

A judge and her gavel. A cop and his gun. A lawyer and her power suit. A ____ would be most concerned with the parts these objects play in impression management.

Symbolic interactionist

35

Ivanka Trump is the daughter of business mogul Donald Trump. Her role as heiress to the Trump fortune is an example of ______.

Ascribed status