A bacterial chromosome consists of:

a circular DNA molecule many times larger than the cell

Eukaryotic chromosomes consists of:

Linear DNA molecules complexed with positively charged his tone proteins

Nucleosomes are best described as:

eukaryotic DNA associated with histone proteins

What is the function of nucleosomes?

To prevent DNA strands from tangling

Nucleosomes are organized into large coiled loops help together by:

scaffolding proteins

The cell cycle of a typical somatic cell consists of _____ and M phase

interphase

The M phase of the cell cycle involves two main processes:

mitosis and cytokinesis

One nerve cells become mature, they don't usually undergo cell division. Based on your knowledge of the cell cycle, you would predict that mature nerve cells become arrested in the ______ of the cell cycle.

Go phase

Chromosomes are duplicated during_______ of the cell cycle.

S phase

Which of the following represents the overall sequence of events during mitosis?

Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase,anaphase,telophase

If a cell is in G2:

it Has twice has much DNA found than in telophase nucleus

During prophase,____ is(are) compacted into visible chromosomes.

chromatin

The ______ is responsible for the separation of the chromosomes during_____ of mitosis.

mitotic spindle; anaphase

_______contain identical DNA sequences and are held together by ________ during mitosis

Sister chromatids: centromeres

The mitotic spindle is made of:

microtubules

The kinetochore serves which of the following functions?

Kinetochores attach to microtubules during mitosis

All of the following events occur during pro metaphase EXCEPT

the duplicated chromosomes become visible with the light microscope

A cell is in metaphase if:

the chromosomes are aligned at the mid plane of the cell

Duplicated centrioles move to opposite poles of a dividing _____ cell during ____ of the cell cycle

animal;prophase

The chromosome makeup of an individual organism is called a:

karyotype

Chromosomes are condensed to their greatest extent during_____ of mitosis

metaphase

Cytokinesis in animal cells involves contraction of a ring of ______ microfilaments

actin plus myosin

Cytokinesis in plant cels occurs via the formation of a(n):

Cell plate

If a cell is dividing by binary fission then you know that:

The cell is prokaryotic

To prevent disastrous consequences, the eukaryotic cell cycle is controlled by:

a series of cell cycle checkpoints

Which of the following statements concerning the cell cycle is FALSE?

M-Cdk inhibits mitosis

The correct number of chromosomes is maintained during sexual reproduction by:

meiosis, which reduces the chromosome number by half

Animal cells are stimulated to divided by mitosis by:

growth factors

If meiosis did not occur in sexually reproducing organisms, then:

chromosome number would double in each generation

What evolutionary advantage is provided by sexual reproduction?

increased genetic diversity

Plant hormones known as_______ stimulate mitosis

cytokinins

Homologous chromsomes undergo synapsis during:

Prophase 1

A maternal homologue and a paternal homologue synapse to form:

a tetrad

During which phase does crossing-over occur?

prophase 1

A zygote contains the _______ number of chromosomes

diploid

In a human cell at prophase 1, there are_______ tetrads.

23

An animal with a diploid number of 36 chromosomes will have ______ chromosomes in its gametes and _______ chromosomes in its somatic cells

18:36

During prophase 1, each chiasma represents:

a site of crossing over

During which of the following stages of meiosis do the sister chromatids separate?

anaphase 2

Which of the following events does not occur in prophase 2?

Formation of chiastma

The sources of genetic variation during meiosis are:

crossing over and the random assortment of maternal and paternal chromosomes

Which of the following events does not occur during meiosis 1?

separation of sister chromatids

Refer to Figure 10-1. Which of the following combinations of letters accurately represents two sister chromatids?

A and C

Refer to Figure 10-1. Which of the following combinations of letters accurately represents two homologous chromatids?

A and D

The formation of female gametes is termed:

Oogenesis

which of the following are NOT produced by meiosis?

Zygotes

Refer to figure 10-2. The chromosome complement of item 6 in the life cycle is:

haploid

Figure 10-2. The process occurring at arrow 3 in the associated figure is:

meiosis

Gametophyte plants produce gametes using:

mitosis

Sporophyte plants produce spores using:

meiosis