Who does this decscribe:

• he authored the 95 Theses which expressed grave concerns about the sale of indulgences
• he sparked the Protestant Reformation
• he experienced a spiritual crisis that consumed him with the fear that he could never overcome his sins
• he was a monk and professor of theology in Wittenberg, Germany

Martin Luther

Which statement about the 95 theses is false?

• the 95 Theses are largely concerned with the sale of indulgences
• the 95 Theses were written in German
• a thesis is a point of argument in a scholarly debate
• the 95 Theses questioned the Pope’s motives
• the 95 Theses were widely distributed thanks to the printing press

This is FALSE: the 95 Theses were written in German

Which of the following was NOT a result of the Protestant Reformation?

• Protestant denominations including the Lutherans, Calvinists, Anglicans, and Anabaptists
• violence between Protestants and Catholics
• iconoclasm
• attempts at reconciliation including the Peace of Augsburg and the Edict of Nantes
• the reconciliation of Luther and Zwingli on the topic of Holy Communion

• the reconciliation of Luther and Zwingli on the topic of Holy Communion

Scratchpad

Which of the following does NOT describe the Anglican Church?Please choose from one of the following options.

• it is the Church of England, founded in the 16th century
• it was founded as a result of John Wyclif’s translation of the Bible into English
• the King or Queen of England led the Anglican Church
• it was founded soon after Henry VIII was denied an annulment by the Pope for his marriage to Catherine of Aragon
• the Anglican Church does not answer to the Pope in Rome

it was founded as a result of John Wyclif’s translation of the Bible into English

This were things reaffirmed at _________________

• the effectiveness of indulgences for souls in purgatory
• the importance of images in the church to teach the doctrines of the church and to deepen people’s faith
• the need for Church tradition and teaching in addition to the scriptures
• that good works in addition to faith can help to secure a place in heaven

Reaffirmed at the Council of Trent?

Which of the following beliefs were NOT part of?Please choose from one of the following options.

• that scripture was the sole source of authority for Christians
• that faith alone was man’s only path to salvation
• that the priests and the Pope had no special relationship to God

Luther’s theology

Who's conception of Predestitination was this?

• faith is a gift from God, freely given and not something that can be earned
• the choices one makes in life do not improve one’s chances of entering heaven
• an individual’s actions accord with God’s will
• the elect are chosen by God

John Calvin’s conception of Predestination

The in _______1598 establised this:

• established religious toleration in France between the Huguenots and the Catholics

Edict of Nantes

What were these causes of:

—Renaissance emphasis on secular ideas & the individual=challenged church authority

—Rulers resented the Pope’s control

—Northern merchants resented paying church taxes to Rome

These were causes of Reformation

These were Problems with:

◦Corruption

◦Popes too busy with worldly affairs; not spiritual

◦Priests & monks poorly educated & breaking vows

Problems of the Catholic Church

What did these People do?

◦John Wycliffe & Jan Hus: Bible more authority than church

◦Humanists: More, Erasmus, Zwingli

Calls for Reform Before Luther

Who did this and why?

◦Took a stand vs. selling of indulgences

◦ 95 Theses : formal statement attacking the “pardon merchants”

–October 31, 1517: posted on Wittenberg church door

–Start of Reformation

Luther chalanges the church

What were Luther's basic teachings and beliefs

–Salvation by faith in God alone; not works

–Church teachings on Bible alone; not traditions

–All people in faith were equal

Catholic church response this way and what did Luther do?

◦Excommunicated Luther

◦Edict of Worms: Luther=outlaw & heretic

◦Beginning of Lutheran Church

◦Fighting between Catholics & Protestants=Peace of Augsburg

Luther burns the papal bull

Who became Protestant?

England

What does Henry V111 want?

◦Wants annulment from Catherine of Aragon=no son

◦Pope refused (Charles V, nephew)

◦1529: Reformation Parliament ends Pope’s power in England

◦1533: Married ___________ & divorced ___________

◦1534: Break with____official=Act of Supremacy-king head of church—seized all church land & closed monasteries

Married Anne Boleyn

Catherine

pope

______ —Established national church in England-_________Church

—Tolerance for dissenters

—Expansion and colonialism

—Victory over the___________ (1588)

Quenn Elizabeth

Anglican

Spanish Armada

Who's teachings were these:

____________ cannot earn salvation

◦Ideal government is___________

◦Strict rules & rigid society is called ________

Predestination

theocracy

Calvinism

This was the spread of _________

◦Knox-Presbyterians

In ___________:(Calvin’s followers) were called ________conflict with

◦Anabaptists-persecuted by ____________

France

Calvinism

Huguenots

Hapsburgs (Catholics)

Catholics & Protestants

—in ___________ the __________ protesting the Catholic Church:

—

Europe

Princes

The “Protesting Princes.” or they are called _____________ vs the— ___________ Led by the __________

This led to the ____________

Huguenots

Holy Roman Empire

Hapsburgs —Catholics

Will lead to war and conflict

◦Leader of the Society of Jesus________

◦Three missions:

1.

2.

3.

Jesuits

1.schools

2.convert non-Christians

3.stop spread of Protestantism

The ___________________ thought the in 1545-1563

Church’s interpretation of_________ final

The ________ and _________ meant Faith & good works needed for _____________

◦ Thought that ________ authorities to guide _______

◦____________ =false selling banned

Council of Trent

Bible

Bible & church

salvation

equal

Christian life

Indulgences valid

The following below was from this it is called ______________

◦Flourish of__________

◦Paved the way for modern nation-states: _________ gained power

________ punished people who did not except its beliefs: a way of eliminating a movement stop spread of Protestants

—Laid groundwork for rejection of ________ later centuries

Legacy of Reformation

Protestant churches

monarchy

◦ Inquisition

Christian beliefs

Changing cultural values, traditions, and philosophies

—Growth of _________

Growth of _________

—Growth of —Eventual growth of ______ (Edict of Nantes)

secularism

individualism

religious tolerance Edict of Nantes

Pope created a religious order for his followers called society of Jesus it's members were called Jesuits

What is a Jesuits?

Jesuits importance was:

founded schools

missions converted non Christians to catholic

Stop spread of Protestantism

Roman Catholic church it was responsible for finding and punishing people who did not accept it's belief and practices

Ingquisition

A pardon it released a sinner from performing the penalty that a priest imposed for sins

Indulgences

What was importance of indulgences?

Gave impression that by buying indulgence they could buy their way into heaven.

what was the importance of Inquisition?

A way of eliminating a movement stop spread of Protestantism. Began Catholic Church Counter Reformation

Holy Roman Empire Importance?

Multi ethnic complex of territories in Central Europe that developed during early middle ages.

When did the Holy Roman Empire dissolve?

1800

1806

1804

1806

What was the importance of the Holy Roman Empire?

Transform the way____ was practice in Central Europe and today.

It served as______over much of Europe

_____________ was in state alliance with empire

religion

government

Roman Catholic church

Who was this

Most famous writer of Elizathan Age.

wrote poems and plays.

His works command English language and deep understanding of human beings.

Shakespeare

Why was Shakespeare important?

Influenced Renaissance. He revealed souls of man and woman through dramatic conflice. And human flaws and expressed high view of Renaissance of human nature.

Wrote the guide "The Prince"

Machiavelli

what did the book the "Prince" say:

The book advises rulers and examines imperfections in humans. He wrote about politics and Power.

gave information on how to gain and keep power. Began idea people are selfish, fickle, and corrupt.

He suggested for a Prince to accomplish great things he must be crafty not suspicious to gain trust of others.

He was a Historian and a Political thinker.

Machiavelli

Became a monk, priest, teacher stuided Bible taught scripture

Martin Luther

Because of Martin Luther's actions the _______________ began

Reformation

Reformation was a ___________

a movement for religious form led to the founding of christian churches that did not accept the popes authority

Who led the Reformation that lead to Christian churches that did not acept the popes pope authority

Martin Luther

Renaissance man who Excelled as a painter, sculptor. architech and poet. Created figures that are forceful and show heroic grandeur?

Michelangelo

Famous for the way he portrayed human body in painting sculputres

michelangelo

dome of st peters the painting on the ceiling who did this?

michelangelo

Sistine chapel and statue of David who did this?

michelangelo

painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist. True Renanissance Man

Leonardo da Vinci

studied muscles and veins wrote backwards

Leonardo da Vinci

painted Mona Lisa

Leonardo da Vinci

painted last supper

Leonardo da Vinci

french theologian pastor during Protestant Reformation. He was principal figure in development of Christian theology.

John Calvin

___________was principal figure in development of Christian theology later called ___________

John Calvin

Calvinism

Who influenced the spread of Protestantism.

John Calvin

Who gave order to the faith Luther had begun he believed god has known since the beginning of time who will be saved called predestination. His followers Knox called ________________

John Calvin

Presbyterians

_______ a period of European history lasting from 1300-1600 during this time renewed interest in classical culture led to changes in art learning and view of world.

Renaissance

The importance of Renaissance led to innovative styles of _____ and ______.

It led to new _________

Importance of ___________ literature

New _______ led to importance of the ________

art and literature

values

individual

values individual

Printing Press who made it?

Johannes Gutenberg

What did the printing press make a complete version of made with movable type? names?

Bible

Gutenerg Bible

craftsman from Germany, developed printing press lots of technologies with this improve process

Johannes Gutenberg

____________King of England 1509 devout _______

Henry V111

Catholic

who was against Luthers ideas. Pope gave him title Defender of Faith

Henry V111

who wanted a son

Henry V111

Who called Parliament to end Popes power in England Reformation Parliament?

Henry V111

Who led conflict with Catholic church and the founding of the church of England?

Henry V111

Who was known for role in the seperation of the Church of England from Roman Catholic Church.

Henry V111

Henry V111 married _ times

conflict with ___

Reformation Parliament ended _______ power in England

6

Pope

Popes