2) Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of ________.

A) fat
B) blood-forming cells
C) elastic tissue
D) Sharpeyʹs fibers
Answer: A

3) The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is the ________.

A) osteocyte
B) osteoblast
C) osteoclast
D) chondrocyte
Answer: B

4) What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?

A) elastic connective tissue
B) dense fibrous connective tissue
C) fibrocartilage
D) hyaline cartilage
Answer: D

6) A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the ________.

A) epiphysis
B) metaphysis
C) diaphysis
D) articular cartilage
Answer: C

12) The most abundant skeletal cartilage type is ________.

A) hyaline
B) elastic
C) fibrocartilage
D) epiphyseal
Answer: A

14) The structural unit of compact bone is ________.
A) osseous matrix
B) spongy bone
C) lamellar bone
D) the osteon
Answer: D

15) Bones are covered and lined by a protective tissue called periosteum. The inner (osteogenic)
layer consists primarily of ________.

A) cartilage and compact bone
B) marrow and osteons
C) osteoblasts and osteoclasts
D) chondrocytes and osteocytes
Answer: C

16) The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by dense connective tissue called ________.

A) Volkmannʹs canals
B) a bony matrix with hyaline cartilage
C) Perforating (Sharpeyʹs ) fibers
D) the struts of bone known as spicules
Answer: C

17) The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (the Haversian canal) is the site of
________.

A) cartilage and interstitial lamellae
B) osteoclasts and osteoblasts
C) yellow marrow and spicules
D) blood vessels and nerve fibers
Answer: D

18) The small spaces in bone tissue that are holes in which osteocytes live are called ________.

A) lacunae
B) Volkmannʹs canals
C) Haversian canals
D) trabeculae
Answer: A

20) The process of bones increasing in width is known as ________.

A) closing of the epiphyseal plate
B) long bones reaching adult length and width
C) appositional growth
D) concentric growth
Answer: C

21) Bones are constantly undergoing resorption for various reasons. Which of the following cells
accomplishes this process?

A) osteoclast
B) osteocyte
C) osteoblast
D) stem cell
Answer: A

22) Which hormone increases osteoclast activity to release more calcium ions into the
bloodstream?

A) calcitonin
B) thyroxine
C) parathyroid hormone
D) estrogen
Answer: C

23) Vertebrae are considered ________ bones.

A) long
B) flat
C) short
D) irregular
Answer: D

27) Cranial bones develop ________.

A) from cartilage models
B) within fibrous membranes
C) from a tendon
D) within osseous membranes
Answer: B

32) In the epiphyseal plate, cartilage grows ________.

A) by pulling the diaphysis toward the epiphysis
B) by pushing the epiphysis away from the diaphysis
C) from the edges inward
D) in a circular fashion
Answer: B

33) Spongy bones are made up of a framework called ________.

A) osteons
B) lamellar bone
C) trabeculae
D) osseous lamellae
Answer: C

34) Osteogenesis is the process of ________.

A) making a cartilage model of the fetal bone
B) bone destruction to liberate calcium
C) bone formation
D) making collagen fibers for calcified cartilage
Answer: C