A model of the criminal justice system that emphasizes efficiency, speed, and finality and the capacity to apprehend, try, convict, and dispose of a high proportion of offenders is called the...

crime control model

Which of the following favor stricter enforcement of the law?

Conservatives

Which of the following argue that stronger crime control measures endanger the values of due process?

Liberals

Crimes, such as murder or assault that are traditionally "wrong in themselves" are called...

mala in se

Crimes committed in the context of a legal business or professions are called...

occupational crime

Offenses against morality involving a willing and private exchange of goods and services that is in strong demand, but are illegal are called...

victimless crime

Criminal acts often termed "street crime" or "ordinary crime" that are the least profitable yet experience a vast majority of attention from the criminal justice system are called...

visible crime

An example of a "victimless crime" is...

selling illegal narcotics

In High Point, North Carolina the police and the community targeted…

drug dealers

The term referring to the idea that much more crime occurs than is reported to police is called...

dark figure of crime

All the following are functions of the police EXCEPT

Deciding criminal cases

A statistical summary of crimes reported to the police is known as the...

UCR

A source of crime data from surveys conducted to gather on unreported as well as reported crimes is called...

NCVS

Which is not an explanation for the two decade drop in both violent and property crime?

Less people are going to prison

Where does the U. S. rank in homicide rates among industrialized nations?

First

According to the lifestyle exposure model, who is most likely to be victimized because of where they live and how they spend their leisure time?

young males

Which of the following is factual about crime the past couple decades?

crime rates are decreasing and Americans are fearful of crime

Which of the following is not a main principle of classical criminology?

punishment should be different for each individual person

Which type of criminology used science to study the body, mind, and environment as root causes for the offender’s criminal behavior?

Positivist

In relation to men, women commit...

less crime

Which of the following theories argues the criminal law is used to control society's poor and have-nots?

social conflict

An explanation of criminal acts that argues being a member of social groups shapes behavior through learning that behavior follows what discipline?

Sociological

What are the three types of social process theories?

learning, control, and labeling

Who created the theory of differential association (i.e., learning theory)?

Edwin Sutherland

The authority for criminal justice practitioners to make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts, using instead their own judgment is referred to as...

Discretion

The stage of the system in which the determination of whether or not a defendant is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt is called...

trial (adjudication)

A serious crime usually carrying a penalty of death or incarceration for more than one year is called a...

Felony

A "true bill" coming from a grand jury and charging a suspect with a specific crime is called a...

Indictment

A beginning assumption of the social control (i.e., social bond) theory of criminality is that people are:

born “bad”

According to the Chicago School of research led by Shaw and McKay

Criminality results from the neighborhood you grow up in

Part of the reason that you in a college course called Introduction to Criminal Justice is because of what type of federal funding?

LEEP

The term “federalism” refers to:

The system of government with power divided between the federal and state governments

Who is considered to be the father of scientific criminology?

Cesare Lombroso

Throughout the United States, the criminal justice system is characterized by...

fragmentation and a local orientation

What type of criminological theory follows the Classical School as a policy implication (i.e, what the system should strive to do if the theory is correct)?

deterrence

Which criminological theory is most concerned with secondary deviation (i.e. deviation occurring after the first offense is officially recorded)?

labeling

Why should the criminal justice system not be defined as a “system”?

different entities of the system have opposing budgets and are often competitive

An example of a political crime is...

espionage

Which country has the largest prison population?

United States

______________ is a goal of the criminal justice system which involves correcting the behavior of the offender and giving him or her the skills and emotional strength that is needed to survive in society.

Rehabilitation

Laws that govern the behavior of you and I are

substantive

Which of the following amendments protects us from double jeopardy?

Fifth

Which of the following amendments protects us from cruel and unusual punishment?

Eighth

Which of the following amendments protects us from unreasonable search and seizure?

Fourth

Which of the following amendments gives us the right to a speedy and public trial?

Sixth

The exclusionary rule is part of the Fourth Amendment.

False

Everyone has the right to bail once they are accused of a criminal offense.

False

Prosecutors do not always have to demonstrate mens rea.

True

A person can be prosecuted criminally and sued civilly for the same offense without violating double jeopardy.

True

The standard of evidence is higher in a civil proceeding than it is in a criminal trial.

False