True or False
Epithelial Tissue is also called an Epithelium, or plural Epithelia.

True

Epithelial tissue is a sheet of cells that _________ a body surface, or __________ a body cavity.

Covers...
Lines

The 2 forms of epithelial tissue that occur in the human body are...?

Covering and Lining Epithelium
and
Glandular Epithelium

The Covering and lining epithelium does NOT do which of the following:
A. Forms the outer layer of the skin
B. Dips into, and lines, the open cavities of the urogenital, digestive, and respiratory systems.
C. Covers the walls and organs of the closed ventral body cavity.
D. Fashions the glands of the body.

D

Which form fashions the glands of the body?

Glandular

___________ form boundaries between different environments.

Epithelia

True or False
Nearly all substances received by the body must pass through an epithelium.

True

What are the 6 primary functions epithelium accomplishes?

1. Protection
2. Absorption
3. Filtration
4. Excretion
5. Secretion
6. Sensory Reception

What are the 5 distinguishing characteristics of epithelium?

1. Polarity
2. Specialized Contacts
3. Supported by connective tissues
4. Avascular but intervated
5. Regeneration

-Polarity-
True or False
All epithelia have an apical surface and a basal surface.

True

-Polarity-
Match the term with the descriptions.

1. Apical Surface

2. Basal Surface

A. Upper
B. Lower
C. Attached
D. Free Surface
E. Exposed to body exterior or body cavity

1. A, D , E

2. B, C

-Polarity-
True or False
Epithelia exhibit apical-basal polarity

True

Finger-like extensions of the plasma membrane are called __________. It increases the cells surface area.

-Polarity-

Microvilli

Some Microvilli are so dense that the cells have a "fuzzy" appearance called a ___________.

Brush Border

________ are tiny hairlike projections that propel substances along their free surface (apical surface.)

-Polarity-

Cilia

The ____________ is a thin, supporting, adhesive sheet, adjacent to the basal surface.

-Polarity-

Basal lamina

What determines which molecules are allowed to enter the epithelium?

-Polarity-

The basal lamina

What is the scaffolding that epithelial cells can use to migrate to repair a wound?

-Polarity-

The basal lamina

-Specialized Contacts-
Lateral contacts, including _______________ and __________, bind adjacent cells together at many points.

Tight Junctions...
Desmosomes

-Specialized Contacts-
The Tight Junctions help keep proteins in the __________ region from diffusing into the __________ region. This maintains the polarity.

Apical...
Basal

-Supported by connective tissues-
Just under the basal lamina is the _______________.

reticular lamina

Basal Lamina + Reticular Lamina = _________________

Basement Membrane

What reinforces the epithelial sheet, helps resist stretching and tearing, and defines the epithelial boundary.

Basement Membrane

True or False
Cancerous cells cannot penetrate the basement membrane, which protects important tissues underneath.

False
Cancerous Cells do not respect the basement membrane and they do penetrate the tissues underneath.

What does Avascular mean?

Contains no blood vessels

If something is supplied by nerve fibers, it is _________.

innervated.

How do epithelial cells get nourished?

By substances diffusing from blood vessels into the connective tissue underneath.

True or False
Epithelium has a low regeneration capacity

False
It has a high regeneration capacity.

Why is it important that Epithelium can regenerate rapidly?

They are exposed to the harsh surface and vulnerable to injury.

Each epithelia has 2 names. The first name indicates the number of _____________, the second describes the _________ of the cell.

cell layers
shape

Based on the number of cell layers, there are __________ and ____________ epithelia.

Simple and Stratified

Simple has ________ cell layer.
Stratified has ______________ cell layers.

one
2 or more

Based on the shape, there are 3, which are ____________, ____________, and ____________ cells.

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

Match.
1. Flattened
2. Boxlike
3. Tall and column shaped

A. Columnar
B. Squamous
C. Cuboidal

1. B
2. C
3. A

The shape of the ___________ conforms to the shape of the cell

nucleus.

True or False
Simple epithelia are good at absorption, secretion, and filtration. But are no good at protection

True

2 simple squamous epithelia in the body have special names that reflect their location, they are...

1. Endothelium
2. Mesothelium

The inner covering is the ____________.
The middle covering is the ____________.

Endothelium
Mesothelium

What is the Epithelium that gives the impression of being multi-layered.

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

What epithelium forms the external part of the skin, and extends into body openings continuous with the skin.

Stratified Squamous

The epidermis is ____________, meaning its surface cells contains __________, a tough protective protein.

Keratinized... Keratin

__________ epithelium has the ability to stretch and change shape. Like in the bladder, it stretches to hold more urine.

Transitional

__________ consist of one or more cells that make and secrete a particular product.

Glands

The water-based fluid produced from the glands are called ____________.

Secretions

True or False
The term "secretion" can refer to both the gland's product, and the process of making and releasing the product.

True

Glands are classified by these 2 traits:

1. where they release their product.
2. cell number

endocrine = secreting __________
exocrine = secreting __________

inside (internally)
Outside (externally)

unicellular = __________ cell.
Multicellular = ____________ cells.

one
many (2 or more)

Endocrine glands eventually lose their ducts, so they are called ____________ glands

ductless

Endocrine glands produce ___________, or messenger chemicals.

hormones

Exocrine glands secrete onto the body's __________, or into body ____________.

Surface
Cavities

mucous cells and goblet cells are _____________, or single celled.

unicellular

All unicellular exocrine glands produce __________.

Mucin

True or False
Mucin is a lipid that does not dissolve in water when secreted.

False
Mucin is a glycoprotein that does dissolve in water.

A __________ cell looks like a glass with a stem, because mucin accumulates and distends the top of the cell.

Goblet

Multicellular exocrine glands have 2 basic parts, a ______ and a ______.

duct...
secretory unit

What surrounds the secretory unit and supplies it with blood vessels and nerve fibers?

Supportive connective tissue

A __________ capsule extends into the multicellular exocrine gland and divides it into ________.

fibrous...
lobes

How do you classify multicellular exocrine glands?
A. ______________
B. ______________

A. Structure
B. Types of secretions

Based on their duct structure, mulitcellular exocrine glands can either be SIMPLE with an __________ duct, or COMPLEX with a ________ duct.

unbranched
branched

based on their secretory units, you would classify the multicellular exocrine glands 3 ways...
1.
2.
3.

Tubular
alveolar
tubuloalveolar

if the secretory cells form tubes they are _______?

tubular

if small flask-like cells are formed, the are ________?

alveolar

if both are formed, they are called _____________?

tubuloalveolar

__________ is another term for alveolar, it means berry-like.

acinar

Multicellular exocrine glands secrete in different ways, so they function as __________, __________, or __________ glands.

merocrine
holocrine
apocrine

__________ secrete as its being produced.
__________ holds on to the secretion until it explodes.

merocrine
holocrine

multicellular exocrine glands are classified according to duct type (__________ or __________) and by the structure of their secretory units (__________, __________, or __________)

simple... compound
tubular... alveolar... tubuloalveolar)