abdomin/o

abdomen

adip/o

fat

anter/o

front

bol/o

to cast (throw)

cervic/o

neck

chondr/o

cartilage

chrom/o

color

coccyg/o

coccyx (tailbone)

crani/o

skull

cyt/o

cell

dist/o

far, distant

dors/o

back portion of the body

hist/o

tissue

ili/o

ilium

inguin/o

groin

kary/o

nucleus

later/o

side

lumb/o

lower back

medi/o

middle

nucle/o

nucleus

pelv/o

pelvic, hip region

poster/o

back, behind

proxim/o

nearest

sacr/o

sacrum

sarc/o

flesh

spin/o

spine, backbone

thel/o, theli/o

nipple

thorac/o

chest

trache/o

trachea

umbilic/o

naval, umbilicus

ventr/o

belly side of the body

vertebr/o

vertebrae

viscer/o

internal organs

ana-

up

cata-

down

epi-

above

hypo-

below

inter-

between

meta-

change

-eal

pertaining to

-iac

pertaining to

-ior

pertaining to

-ism

process, condition

-ose

pertaining to, full of

-plasm

formation

-somes

bodies

-type

picture, classification

abdomen

region below the chest containing internal organs

abdominal cavity

cavity below the chest containing digestive organs

adipose

collection of fat cells

anabolism

process of building up proteins in a cell

anterior

front surface of the body

cartilage

flexible connective tissue at joints

catabolism

process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released

caudal

below another structure

cell membrane

a thin, semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell

cephalic

above another structure

cervical

region of the neck

chondroma

tumor of cartilage

chondrosarcoma

malignant tumor

chromosome

nuclear structures

coccygeal

region of the tailbone

coccyx

tailbone

cranial activity

activity within the skull

craniotomy

incision of the skull

cytoplasm

material of the cell located outside the nucleus and yet enclosed by the cell membrane

deep

away from the surface

diaphragm

muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities

disk

pad of cartilage between vertebrae

distal

far from the point of attachment

dorsal

pertaining to the back

endoplasmic reticulum

network of canals within the cytoplasm; site of protein synthesis

epigastric region

above the stomach

epithelial cells

pertaining to skin surface cells

frontal plane

vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions

genes

regions of DNA within a chromosome

histology

the study of tissues

hypochondriac region

beneath the ribs

hypogastric region

below the umbilical region

iliac

pelvic area

inferior

below another structure

inguinal region

near the groin

intervertebral

situated between vertebrae

karyotype

picture of the chromosomes in the cell nucleus

larynx

voice box

lateral

pertaining to the side

lumbar region

region of the waist

lumbosacral

relating to the lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum

medial

pertaining to the middle

mediastinum

space between the lungs

metabolism

total of the chemical processes in a cell

mitochondria

sausage-shaped cellular structures in which catabolism takes place

nucleic

pertaining to the nucleus

nucleus

control center of the cell that contains chromosomes

pelvic cavity

space below the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs

peritoneum

double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal caivty

pharynx

throat

pituitary gland

endocrine gland at the base of the brain

pleura

membrane surrounding the lungs

pleural cavity

space between the pleural layers

posterior

back side of the body

prone

lying on the belly

proximal

near the point of attachment

sacral

region of the sacrum

sacrum

region of the sacral

sagittal plane

lengthwise vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides

sarcoma

tumor of flesh tissue (malignant)

spinal cavity

space withing the spinal column containing the spinal cord

spinal column

bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity

spinal cord

nervous tissue within the spinal cavity

superficial

on the surface

superior

above another structure

supine

lying on the back

thoracic cavity

cavity in the chest surrounded by ribs

thoracotomy

incision of the chest wall

thyroid gland

endocrine gland surrounding the windpipe in the neck

trachea

windpipe

tracheal

pertaining to the trachea

transverse plane

horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions

umbilical region

central region near the naval

ureter

tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder

urethra

tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

uterus

womb

ventral

pertaining to the front

vertebra

single backbone

vertebrae

backbones

vertebral

pertaining to the vertebrae

viscera

internal organs

visceral

pertaining to internal organs