From the diagram below, where would new DNA nucleotides be added in order to grow the strand?

Answer using letters A, B, or C only.

A (the 3' end)

Which component is labelled ‘X’ in the diagram of a DNA nucleotide below?

Phosphate

In a strand of DNA or RNA, a _____ bond forms between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of another.

Covalent

Which of the following provides the strongest evidence for universal common ancestry amongst living species?

a) highly conserved sequences of DNA amongst living organisms

b) low levels of genetic variation amongst living organisms

c) lowly conserved sequences of DNA amongst living organisms

d) high levels of genetic variation amongst living organisms

a) highly conserved sequences of DNA amongst living organisms

Which type of reaction forms RNA polymers from nucleotide monomers?

Condensation

If 15% of a sample of DNA is thymine, what percentage of the DNA is guanine?

a) 35%

b) can't be determined from the information given

c) 15%

d) 30%

35%

(If there is 15% thymine, then there must be 15% adenine. So 100 - 30 = 70% is left which means that there must be 35% guanine and 35% cytosine.)

Which of the following correctly identifies the purines in the diagram below.

a) B&C

b) A&D

c) C&D

d) A&B

b) A&D

Which of the following statements about DNA is true?

a) DNA normally forms a double helix, and the two strands are anti-parallel.

b) In DNA, complementary base pairing means G always pairs with T and A always pairs with C.

c) In DNA, the two strands are held together by covalent bonds between the bases.

a) DNA normally forms a double helix, and the two strands are anti-parallel.

Which of the following best defines the term nucleic acid backbone?

a) Nucleic acids are composed of a backbone of nitrogen bases and sugar molecules. The phosphate groups are attached to nitrogen bases.

b) Nucleic acids are composed of a backbone of sugar molecules and phosphate groups. The nitrogen bases are attached to the sugars.

c) Nucleic acids are composed of a backbone of nitrogen bases and phosphate groups. Sugars are attached to nitrogen bases but not to phosphate groups.

b) Nucleic acids are composed of a backbone of sugar molecules and phosphate groups. The nitrogen bases are attached to the sugars.

DNA and RNA are synthesised in a _____ prime to _____ prime direction.

5', 3'

T/F DNA is the genetic material of all living organisms.

True.

Which of the following results from the Hershey–Chase experiment, support the conclusion that DNA is genetic material.

a) Radioactively labelled phosphorus was detected in the pellet.

b) Radioactively labelled phosphorus was detected in the supernatant

c) Radioactively labelled sulfur was detected in the pellet

d) Radioactively labelled sulfur was detected in the supernatant

a) Radioactively labelled phosphorus was detected in the pellet.

The pentose sugar in a DNA nucleotide is _____, but in an RNA nucleotide it is _____.

Deoxyribose, ribose

What type of bond connects two DNA strands?

Hydrogen bonds

Which of the following is an example of a purine?

a) Adenine

b) Phosphate

c) Thymine

d) Cytosine

a) Adenine

According to Chargaff’s rule, in natural DNA, the number of guanine bases should be _____ to the number of _____.

Equal, cytosine bases

Which term refers to the specificity of hydrogen bonding between base pairs such as adenine and thymine?

Complementary base pairing

What makes up a nucleosome?

DNA wrapped around 8 histone proteins

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not DNA?

Uracil

Which type of nucleotide is represented in the diagram below?

RNA

What base does adenine pair with?

Thymine

What are the three main components of a DNA nucleotide?

Phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base