mental health. exam 3
Anxiety
anxiety serves several purposes
physical symptoms of anxiety
anxiety in adolescents
ineffectively cope with anxiety often express themselves inappropriately
anxiety in adulthood
similar to younger counterparts, adults handle anxiety by using earlier established coping mechanisms
generalized anxiety disorder
individuals anxiety is broad, long lasting , and excessive: worried and anxious more often more often than not
panic disorders
phobic disorders
obsessive- compulsive disorder
behavioral addictions
addictive behaviors such as gambling, working, shopping, or excessive sexual activity
Mild anxiety can increase learning by enhancing concentration and focus
(t/f)
true
risk factor for anxiety
anxiety is greater in females
should all medical problems be ruled out prior to diagnosing ?
yes, they should be ruled out before diagnosing with any mental health problems
signal anxiety
learned response to an anticipated event
anxiety state
coping ability becomes overwhelming
anxiety trait
learned competent of the personality
mild anxiety
everything will be minimal
moderate anxiety
vital signs can be normal or slightly elevated
severe anxiety
fight or flight response kicks in and elevates
panic attack
more severe symptoms (tachycardia, chest pain)
anxiety in childhood
schizophrenia can be _______
hereditary
what symptoms do older adults present with?
confusion, irritability or sleep changes
Generalized anxiety disorder
anxiety is broad, long lasting, and excessive : worried and anxious more often than not
-persistant worry >6 months, muscle tension, poor sleep
what is agoraphobia?
afraid to go outside & see people
what is obsession ?
the thought and compulsion is the action
PTSD
can reside from any trauma
-relieving of traumatic events or situations
cognitive behavior therapy
reframing distorted thoughts
what is depression ?
a mood defective disorder ranking high amount causes of disability
MOOD
prolonged emotional state that influences ones personal state and functioning
-they can be a communality with anxiety and lead to high risk suicides
sadness is not a clinical depression
clinical depression includes :
what are some causes of mood disorders?
situational depression
acute; depressive responses in children are tied to a specific event or situation
emotions in adolescence
emotions in adulthood
how to detect depression in older adults
mania
emotions that are elevated, explosive, and irritable accompanied by loss of identity, increased activity, and grandiose thoughts and actions
anhedonia
dont find pressure in what they are used too
mild depression
short lived- triggered by life events
moderate depression
persists over time & symptoms will interfere with daily living/ no energy to do anything
major depression
when depression is severe and lasts longer then 2 weeks
-symptoms range from paralysis to agitation
bipolar 1
episodes of depression alternate with episodes of bipolar illness
-more severe form of bipolar illness
bipolar 2
major episodes of depression alternate with periods of hypomania
-mood swings less dramatic
depression is what?
a whole body illness, it involves emotional, physical, intellectual, social, and spiritual issues
lithium is used in what?
bipolar disorder
normal lithium levels
0.6-1.2
NO TABLE SALT
interaction with table salt and lithium can do what to the body?
patient can go into a hyponaterimia state
low sodium levels is a high risk for what?
having seizures
lithium side effects
increased thirst, frequent urination, fine hand tremors, nausea , diarrhea, and weight gain
low sodium=
lithium toxicity
interventions
safety, medication adherence, building therapeutic support, encouraging small manageable goals
priority
assess suicidal ideation directly
which body system experiences more of the stress response ?
the GI tract
somatization
feeling the physical symptoms in the absence of disease or out of proportion to an aliment
another name for somatization
briquets syndrome or histaria
conversion disorder
considered to be a somatoform disorder in which the individual presents problems related to sensory or motor functions
la belle indifference
lacks concern or indifference about signs and symptoms
a samatoform disorder
where one has an intense fear of or preoccupation with having a serious disease or medical condition based on misinterpretation of body signs and symptoms
factitious disorder
involves intentionally producing s/s in another person
malingering
individual produces and symptoms to meet a recognizable goal
anorexia disorder
electrolyte imbalance biggest worry for cardiac dyssrythmias
description of a person with anorexia nervosa
mortality rate for anorexia is due to
refeeeding syndrome
occurs when severely anorexic individuals resume eating
bulimia
binge eating
-treated with antidepressant
pica
persistent eating of nonfood items that lasts for longer than 1 month
-can be treated with a vitamin, mineral
insomnia
disorder of falling asleep or maintaining a sound sleep
primary hypersomnia
excessive sleepiness that usually begins at between 15 and 30 years of age
narcolepsy
a condition in which an individual has repeated attacks of sleep
obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
periods of apnea that repeatedly awake the individual
Ricardian rhythm sleep disorder
persistent pattern of sleep disruption that results from a mismatch between personal body rhythms and environmental demands
restless legs syndrome
disagreeable sensations that occur while an individual is falling asleep or is asleep
nightmare disorder
repeated frightening dreams that leas to abrupt awakenings
sleep terror disorder
repeated nightmares and abrupt awakenings accompanied by a panicky cry or scream and intense fear
sleepwalking disorder
episodes of complex motor movement during sleep
myths about suicide
suicide has always been present in society, but little effort was made to understand its nature until the beginning of the twentieth century
suicide risk factors
factors in adolescence suicide
suicide in adults
loneliness