the immune systems main job is

protects the body from pathogens, infection, abnormal cells

the lymphatic systems main job is

filters lymph, removes excess fluid, returns fluid to circulation

how do the immune and lymphatic system work together ?

lymphatic system transports/filters; immune system identifies and destroys pathogens

pathogen enters the body through

skin breaks, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract

first line of defense tries to stop it

think: where can bacteria or viruses get in?

skin, mucous membranes, tears, earwax

signs of inflammation

redness, warmth, swelling, pain

the immune system recognizes something is _______ and being to respond

foreign

think about how the body is responding:

• is this the immediate, general response that happens the same way for all pathogens?
• or is this targeted response where the body recognizes a specific antigen?

adaptive immunity

how is the body specifically responding?

• is the body producing antibodies that circulates in body fluids ?
• or is the body using cells to directly attack and destroy infected calls?

• humoral immunity (B CELLS)
• cell medicated immunity (T CELLS)

B cells think what?

antibodies

T cells , think what?

destroy infected cells

where do B cells mature

bone marrow

where do T cells mature

thymus

what type of immunity is B cells

humoral

what type of immunity is T cells ?

cell mediated

what type (active or passive) lasts the longest?

active immunity.

which type (active or passive) works immediately

passive immunity

histamine causes

vasodilation, increased permeability, swelling

leukotrienes cause

bronchoconstriction

which involves in asthma?

leukotrienes

which is involved in allergic reactions ?

histamine

why are neonates at higher risk

immature immune system

why are older adults at higher risk

decreased immune response, thinner skin, chronic illness

immunosuppression

list three causes

• chemotherapy, steroids, medications
• chronic illness
• autoimmune disease or treatment

priority in neutropenic precatuins

hand hygiene

fever helps the body by doing what?

creates a hostile environment for pathogens/ enhances immune response

why should we treat a fever

based on symptoms, patient condition, and cause (not just temp number)

antigen

foreign substance

antibody

protein that binds antigen

first line of defense

skin and mucous membranes

spleen function

filters blood and removes pathogens

thymus function

T cell maturation

a patient is receiving chemotherapy

-explain why they are at increased risk for infection and what the nurse should prioritize

• decreased white blood cells- increased infection risk
• prioritize infection prevention; hand hygiene, neutropenic precautions, monitoring