Which transcription factor helps to activate genes needed for cell division?

Egr

Which of the traits below is characteristic of the classical nuclear localization signals?

possession of one or two short stretches of positively charged amino acids

Evidence suggests that _____ of ______ from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate __________ within the internal coding region of a gene.

removal, acetyl groups, initiation of transcription

The combination of a basic stretch of amino acids and a leucine zipper is known as a(n) _____ motif.

bZip

Which is not an example of an epigenetic phenomenon?

sequence of distal promoter elements

What kinds of proteins are usually recognized by the cap of a proteasome?

polyubiquitinated proteins

_________ are DNA unwinding enzymes that unwind the DNA in a reaction using the energy from ________ to move along one of the DNA strands, breaking the _______ holding the two strands together.

DNA helicases, ATP hydrolysis, H bonds

Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms that operate in eukaryotic organisms?

replication-level controls

What domain of a transcription factor is responsible for recognizing and associating with specific DNA base pair sequences?

the DNA-binding domain

As replication proceeds, the lagging strand template of the DNA is looped back on itself so that it has the same orientation as the leading strand template; the looping DNA repeatedly grows and shortens during lagging strand replication. This model is often referred to as the _________.

trombone model

How short must the poly(A) tail get to cause the mRNA to be degraded rapidly?

about 30 adenosine residues

The lac operon is an example of a(n) _______ operon.

inducible

The DNA strand growing toward the replication fork grows ______ in a 5'—>3' direction as the replication fork advances and is called the ________.

continuously, leading strand

Which DNA repair mechanism recognizes a distortion in double helix geometry caused by DNA polymerase's insertion of an incorrect nucleotide during replication, one that escaped the enzyme's proofreading exonuclease?

mismatch repair

What domain of a transcription factor is responsible for recognizing and associating with specific DNA base pair sequences?

the DNA-binding domain

What must the mismatch repair system be able to distinguish in order to tell which nucleotide of a mismatched pair to replace?

It must be able to distinguish the newly-made strand from the parental strand.

Which type of molecule binds at the core promoter sites in association with RNA polymerase?

general transcription factors

What extends from the termination codon at the end of an mRNA coding region to the end of the poly(A) tail?

the 3' UTR

Each transcription factor usually has at least two domains that mediate different aspects of their function. What are they?

the DNA-binding domain and the activation domain

Why does it appear that each origin can only be activated once per cell cycle?

Mcm proteins are displaced from the DNA after replication and cannot reassociate with a replication origin that has already fired.

What is responsible for joining eukaryotic Okazaki fragments together?

DNA ligase

What binds to the origin replication complex (ORC) to assemble the prereplication complex (pre-RC) that is competent to initiate replication?

licensing factors

What technique was used in the discovery of the existence in eukaryotic cells of replicons, a discovery in which single DNA molecules were shown to be replicated simultaneously at several sites along their length?

autoradiography

When present, the TATA, CAAT and GC boxes are typically found within 100 – 150 bp upstream from the transcription start site. Due to their closeness to the start of gene, they are often called ______.

proximal promoter elements

Which level of control of gene expression is defined as determining if a particular gene can give rise to mRNA and, if so, how often?

transcriptional-level controls

Which DNA polymerase in bacteria is mostly involved in DNA repair to correct damaged DNA sections and removes RNA primers at the 5' ends of Okazaki fragments, replacing them with DNA?

DNA polymerase I

What evidence suggests that RNAi plays a role in heterochromatization?

Deletion of RNAi components impair both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization.

What happens simultaneous with the removal of RNA primer by the 5'—>3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase I?

The gap left by the removal of the RNA primer is filled in with deoxyribonucleotides

The specific site on the bacterial chromosome at which replication begins is called the ________.

origin

The enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones in the chromatin are ________.

histone deacetylases

Which method of repair can be slower, less efficient and responsible for correcting DNA strands in the parts of the genome that are not being currently transcribed?

global genomic pathway of Nucleotide excision repair (NER)

Evidence suggests that _____ of ______ from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate __________ within the internal coding region of a gene.

removal, acetyl groups, initiation of transcription

What type of replication results in the integrity of both parental strands being disrupted? The new duplex strands are made of both old and new DNA. Neither the parental strands nor the parental duplex is preserved.

dispersive replication

Which of the following may be a further advantage of using RNA primers during initiation of a strand in replication?

Using primers may decrease mistakes; such errors as mismatched bases are more likely during initiation than elongation, and the use of a short, removable RNA segment avoids inclusion of mismatched bases.

What strategy in transcription factor research allows the simultaneous monitoring of all sites in the genome that carry out a particular activity with the goal of identifying all of the sites bound by a given transcription factor under a given set of physiological conditions?

genome-wide location analysis

The replication fork generates _______ supercoils in the _______ portion of the DNA molecule.

positive, unreplicated

A transport receptor that moves macromolecules from the cytoplasm to the nucleus is called a(n) ____.

importin

The RNA primers that initiate replication are subsequently _____ and the resulting gap in the strand is _______ DNA and then sealed by _______.

removed, filled in with, DNA ligase