The structure that attaches a muscle to bone

Tendon

The study of the muscular system

Myology

Whether secretion is one of the muscular system functions

False

The term that best describes muscle fibers arranged in bundles

Fascicle

The shape that the rectus femoris is an example of

Fusiform

The tissue sheet that separates individual muscle fibers from each other

Endomysium

7. The term that refers to a muscle that prevents a bone from moving during an action

Fixator

8. The prime mover muscle for inhalation

Diaphragm

The structure that connects the frontal and occipital bellies of the occipitofrontalis (epicranius) muscle

Epicranial aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica

The deepest muscle of the abdominal wall

Transversus abdominis

The antagonist muscle to the triceps brachii

Biceps brachii

12. The longest muscle in the human body

Sartorius

Which of the teres muscles is/isn’t part of the SITS muscle group

Teres minor is part; teres major is not

Whether a selected muscle is/isn’t part of the quadriceps muscles

False

Muscles that are/isn’t part of the hamstrings

Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus are part; rectus femoris is not

Muscles that are/isn’t part of the muscles of mastication

Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid are part; buccinator is not

Muscles that form the calf muscle

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Whether muscle extensibility refers to the muscle’s ability to stretch

True

The term describing the conscious control that skeletal muscle is under

Voluntary

Whether a skeletal muscle fiber contains a single nucleus (uninucleate)

False

Defining retrograde transport relative to neurosoma (cell body) in neurons

Movement of materials from axon terminals back to the cell body

22. The part of the neuron where action potential occurs

Axon (specifically at the axon hillock)

Alternative names identifying neurons conducting sensory stimuli & those sending commands to effectors

Sensory neurons = afferent; Motor neurons = efferent

The class of functional neurons that makes up about 90% of the neurons in the nervous system

Interneurons (association neurons)

The most common structural type of neuron

Multipolar neuron

The specific reference of the term “nerve fiber” relative to a neuron

Refers to the axon of a neuron

The location in a neuron where most metabolic & regulatory functions occur

Cell body (soma)

The glial cell found wrapped around nerve fibers in the PNS

Schwann cell

29. The primary site on a neuron for receiving signals from other neurons

Dendrites

The cells that form myelin in the spinal cord

Oligodendrocytes

31. The effect of opening sodium gates on the plasma membrane potential of a neuron

Depolarization

32. The ion that causes hyperpolarization of a plasma membrane at its RMP

Potassium (K⁺) leaving the cell or chloride (Cl⁻) entering

33. Plasma membrane status when the membrane voltage shifts from +35 mV toward 0 mV

Repolarization

34. Statement regarding stimuli during the absolute refractory period

Answer: The neuron cannot respond to another stimulus, no matter how strong

35. The property of neurons that allows them to respond to changes in the environment

Excitability (irritability)

36. The function of receptors are parts of the nervous system

Receptors detect changes (stimuli) and send sensory input to the CNS.

37. Whether the spinal cord is part of the central nervous system.

True

The alternative functional name of the afferent division of the nervous system

The sensory division.

Whether the transmission of impulses from the viscera is a function of the motor division of the nervous system

False

Whether the portion of the nervous system that conducts impulses from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles is the somatic sensory division

True

Whether the portion of the nervous system that has voluntary control over skeletal muscles is the somatic motor division

True

The classification of a neuron conducting an impulse from the stomach wall to the CNS

Visceral sensory neuron (afferent).

The part of the neuron that contains the nucleus

The cell body (soma).

Whether anterograde transport is the movement of materials from synaptic knobs (axon end) to the cell body

False

Definition of a bipolar neuron

A neuron with one dendrite and one axon extending from the cell body.

Whether a multipolar neuron has many dendrites and one axon extending from the cell body.

True

The type of neurons that a mixed nerve contains

Both sensory and motor neurons.

The most common synapse between neurons

Chemical synapse.

The mechanism by which electrical synapses couple neurons

Gap junctions that allow ion flow directly between cells.

Whether electrical synapses are more common than chemical synapses

False

The most abundant glial cell in the CNS

Astrocytes

The glial cell that helps to circulate cerebrospinal fluid

Ependymal cells.

The glial cell that myelinates and insulates axons within the CNS

Oligodendrocytes

The glial cell that myelinates and insulates axons in the peripheral nervous system

Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes).

The glial cell that defends the body against pathogens

Microglia

The explanation/reason of glossy-white appearance of most axons

Because of the high lipid content of myelin.

The function of myelin

Increases speed of nerve impulse conduction and insulates axons.

Continuous conduction of a nerve impulse occurs only on what type of neurons

Unmyelinated axons.

The thin strand of pia mater that helps to anchor the spinal cord to the coccyx

Filum terminale.

The name of the tapered, conical inferior end of the spinal cord

Conus medullaris.

Whether the subdural space is the space present between the arachnoid mater and the dura mater.

True

The site/location from which fluid is extracted in a lumbar puncture (tap)

Subarachnoid space of the lumbar region (typically between L3–L4 or L4–L5).

Whether the innermost of the meninges is the pia mater.

True

The number of the spinal nerves’ pairs

31 pairs.

Whether the white matter of the spinal cord is surrounded by its gray matter

False

Select the statement that accurately describes sensory and motor pathways from a list of different statements.

Sensory pathways carry impulses to the CNS; motor pathways carry impulses from the CNS to effectors.