understanding cultural differences and integrating them into patient care to promote culturally competent, holistic nursing.

transcultural

Preventable differences in health outcomes among socially or economically disadvantaged populations.

Health Disparities

Learned values, beliefs, and practices shared by a group and passed down generations.

Culture

A smaller group with unique characteristics within a larger culture.

Subculture

Delivering care that respects cultural differences

Cultural competence

Believing your culture is superior

Cultural bias

Hidden stereotypes that affect judgment.

Unconscious bias

Biological characteristics (skin color, hair type).

race

Shared culture, nationality, or traditions

Ethnicity

A condition affecting body/mind function.

disability

Discrimination toward people with disabilities

ableism

Verbal/nonverbal, gestures, ASL.

communication

Personal distance preferences

space

Punctuality or focus on present vs. future

time

Patriarchal or matriarchal family

Social Organization

Biomedical, folk, hot/cold theory

health beliefs

Body structure, skin color, disease prevalence.

biological variations

Gather cultural background and beliefs.

assessment

Ensure NANDA diagnoses fit cultural context

diagnosis

Include culturally appropriate goals/interventions

planning

Adjust care as needed (food, modesty, family involvement)

implentation

Assess patient’s comfort and acceptance of care

evaluation

Illness = imbalance (hot/cold theory)

mexican americans

Strong family/religious ties

african americans

Yin/Yang balance

chinese americans

Modesty, prayer times, no pork

muslim americans

Harmony with nature

american indians