DNA

• Instructions for building living things
• Made up of genes

Hemoglobin

• Protein
• Transports oxygen and drops it off, picks up carbon dioxide and moves it out.

Analogy for Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin - Car

Goblins - 4 seats (Alpha- front seat, Beta- back seats)

Iron - Seatbelts

Oxygen or Carbon Dioxide - Passengers

What does sickle-cell alter?

• The state of the globin chains
• Altered hemoglobin chunks make it sickled

Red Blood Cells

• Erythrocytes
• Carries hemoglobin to transport oxygen

Mature RBC's don't have what?

A nucleus

What's the function of RBC's in the lungs?

Air goes through bronchioles to alveoli, blood vessels surround alveoli, the alveoli and the RBC's exchange gases (CO2 and O2)

Internal respiration

Exchange of gases in tissues

External respiration

Exchange of gases in lungs

What is CO2 transported as in RBC's

Carbonic Acid

Anemia

Bad RBC's

Malaria

• Comes from mosquito
• Destroys healthy RBC's

Heterozygous Advantage

Sickle-cell remains in population because it provides protection over malaria

Cell

Whole unit of life

Nucleus

The compartment inside the cell that stores DNA

Chromosome

A thread-like structure found in the nucleus of cells that carries genetic information in the form of DNA

Phenotype

Physical characteristics of the trait

Genotype

The combination of alleles in an individual

Homozygous

Having two copies of the same allele

Heterozygous

Having different copies of alleles

Diploid

2 copies of each chromosome (humans)

Haploid

1 copy of each chromosome (sexual reproduction)

Mieosis

Process of creating egg and sperm cells (haploid)