District courts

First level of trial courts

Grand Jury

Decide if enough evidence to go to trial

Circuit/appeals courts

hear appeal and decide against or for district courts opinion

Judicial review

Major check over the other branches

Marbury v. Madison

The case that caused judicial review to come alive

Rule of four

Four justices have to agree in order to hear it

Precedent

prior courts used for deciding newer ones

Opinion

The courts final decision

Majority Opinion

5 or more join together to decide the final answer

Dissenting opinion

disagrees with majority

Establishment Clause

neither state or federal government can establish a religion

Free exercise clause

Practice what you want within the law

Defamation

False information with the intention to ruin someone's reputation

Slander

spoken defamation

Libel

written defamation

Prior Restraint

Limits to the press only for national security

Process of becoming a federal judge

1. Appointed by President

2. Approved by senate

How many justices and their term?

9 justices, and serve for life (unless impeached)

Limits on speech

Absenty: things not greatly accepted

Defamation: lies to hurt rep

Fighting words: specific target (now)e

Limits on press

Prior restraint: If it is a national threat

Limits on religion

Free exercise clause

Establishment clause

Limits on assembly

Public land not private

Cops have rights to remove you from premises