Anatomy

the branch of science that studies the structure of the body

Physiology

the branch of science that describes how the body works or functions

Pathophsiology

when something in the body isn't working

Homeostasis

Maintaining Body temp no matter the weather

*will remain the same

Anatomical Position

the body is standing erect with face forward, the arms at the sides, and the toes and palms of the hands directed forward

Superior

up (higher)

Inferior

down (lower)

Anterior

toward the front surface (the belly surface)

ex: the heart is anterior to the spine

Another word for anterior- Ventral

Posterior

Toward the back surface

ex: the heart is posterior to the breastbone

Medial

toward the midline

ex: the nose is medial to the ears

Lateral

away from the midline of the body

ex: the ears are lateral to the nose

Proximal

structure is closer to the center of the body or the point of attachment.

usually the trunk of the body

ex: elbows is proximal to the wrist

Distal

part is farther away from the point of attachment

ex: wrist is distal to the elbow

bilateral symmetry

when the left and right part of the body are the same

Sidus inversos

the sides are inverted

the whole inside of the body is flipped

dorsal cavity

located in the back (brain and spinal cord)

ventral cavity

front of the body

(thoracic cavity &abdominal cavity)

thoracic cavity

surrounded by rid cage

mediastinum

space that contains the heart and large blood vessels attached

pleural cavity

contains the right and left lungs