C1, C2

• D: Back of head
• M: look at my shoe (neck flexion)

C3

• D: Neck
• M: I like to breathe (diaphragm/breathing)

C4

• D: Over the clavicle
• M: I'm not sure (shoulder elevation)

C5

• D: Lateral shoulder (deltoid area)
• M: arms out wide / chickens fly (elbow flexion)

C6

• D: Thumb
• M: my hair I flick (wrist extension)

C7

• M: Middle finger
• D: no zombies in heaven (flipping off towards hell) (finger+wrist flexion, elbow extension)

*C8

• D: Little finger
• M: by I'm late (little finger flexion)

T4

• M: Nipple line
• D:

T10

Umbilicus

L1

Inguinal region

L4

• M: Medial malleolus (ankle)
• D: stop the door // ankle dorsiflexion (towards the ground)

L5

• M: Dorsum of the foot and big toe
  D: the great divide (big toe extension/abduction)

S1

• D: Lateral foot and heel
• M: weigh a ton (ankle plantar flexion)

L3

M: stregten the knee (knee extension)

L1-L2

• M: knee to roof (hip flexion)

Gray matter

• contains neuronal cell bodies and synapses
  • Posterior horn
  • Anterior horn
  • Posterior columns

Gray matter

• Posterior horn

• sensory

Gray matter

• Anterior horn

• motor

Gray matter

• Posterior columns

• transmit proprioception, pressure, and vibration

White Matter

• contains ascending and descending pathways

DCML

• ORIGIN: Peripheral receptors; first-order neuron synapses in medulla
• FUNCTION: Discriminative touch and conscious proprioception
• TYPE: Conscious relay

Spinothalamic

• ORIGIN: Dorsal horn of spinal cord
• FUNCTION: Discriminative information about
  nociception and temperature
• TYPE: Conscious relay

Spinolimbic,
spinomesencephalic,
spinoreticular

• ORIGIN: Dorsal horn of spinal cord
• FUNCTION: Nonlocalized perception of pain;
  arousal, reflexive, motivational, and analgesic responses to nociception (SLOW nociception)
• TYPE:

Posterior spinocerebellar
& cuneocerebellar

(MVT)

• ORIGIN:
  • High-accuracy paths: peripheral receptors
    First-order neurons synapse in nucleus dorsalis or medulla
• FUNCTION: Unconscious proprioceptive information
• TYPE

Anterior spinocerebellar
& rostrospinocerebellar

(MVT)

• ORIGIN: Internal feedback tracts originate in dorsal horn of spinal cord
• FUNCTION: Unconscious information about
  activity in upper motor neuron
  pathways and spinal interneurons
• TYPE

DCML (compare)

• Three-neuron pathway
• Conscious relay
• Discriminative touch and conscious proprioceptive information
• Primary (first-order) neurons ascend ipsilaterally
• End in VPL nucleus of thalamus

spinothalamic (compare)

• Three-neuron pathway
• Conscious relay
• Fast pain (localized), temperature,
  and coarse touch information
• Secondary (second-order) neurons ascend contralateral
• End in VPL nucleus of thalamus

Fast Pain

• Spinothalamic tract
• Conscious relay
• The individual is consciously
  aware of sharp pain in a specific location.
• Quick signal on small, myelinated axons

Slow Pain

• Spinolimbic tract
• Divergent relay
• Follows fast pain
• Slow, aching non-localized pain
• Slower onset
• Smaller, unmyelinated axons

posterior white columns

• carry sensory information to the brain (ascending pathway)
  • touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception

anterior white columns

• carrying motor commands from the brain to the muscles (descending pathway)
• some ascending sensory pathways for pain and temperature