The larynx is formed by three cartilages: the thyroid cartilage, the __________ cartilage, and the cricoid cartilage.

epiglottis

Normally, when blood levels of carbon dioxide rise, __________.

the rate and depth of breathing increase

Carbon monoxide gas is poisonous to humans and is particularly dangerous because it binds to the same receptor sites on hemoglobin as does _________

type answer

oxygen

In which disorder is airflow to the lungs limited and do the alveoli become enlarged?

COPD(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease )

The third cartilage of the larynx is called the __________ cartilage, which forms most of the posterior wall of the larynx and a small part of the anterior wall.

cricoid

Inadequate oxygenation of the cells is called __________

Hypoxia

Which of the following lines the nasal cavity and helps remove pathogens?

Cilia

Most of the carbon dioxide that enters the blood is converted to __________ acid by red blood cells.

Carbonic

The fatty substance that helps maintain the inflation of the alveoli so that they do not collapse in on themselves between inspirations is called __________

Surfactant

Smokers are much more likely to develop __________ than are nonsmokers, and repeated episodes increase a person's chance of eventually developing lung cancer.

bronchitis

Most of the oxygen in the bloodstream binds to the heme portion of __________ in red blood cells.

Hemoglobin

When a patient has fluid and/or pus in the pleural cavity, a(n) __________ is done to remove it.

thoracocentesis

Breathing rapidly and deeply, which decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood, is called __________

Hyperventilation

Which of the following exerts control on the respiratory rhythm?

medulla oblongata

Which of the following is an acute type of bacterial pneumonia caused by bacteria found in air conditioning systems?

Legionnaire's disease

In which condition does inflammation cause an obstruction in the tubes of the bronchial tree?

Asthma

The amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs during a normal breath is the __________.

tidal volume

The medical term for a collapsed lung is __________

type answer

Atelectasis

In severe cases of snoring, patients may need surgery to trim excess tissues in the throat; this is called a(n) __________

uvolotomy

What is the medical term for the opening between the vocal cords?

glottis

The function of the respiratory system is to move air in and out of the lungs. This process is called __________ respiration, or breathing. Type answer

ventilation

Which of the following is caused by smoking or by exposure to radon, asbestos, or industrial carcinogens?

Lung cancer

Difficulty breathing, especially when lying down, is a condition known as __________

orthopnea

The medical term for when a patient has difficulty breathing is __________. Type answer

Dyspnea

Lung diseases that result from years of exposure to different environmental or occupational types of dust are called __________

Type answer

Pneumoconiosis

Symptoms of atelectasis include dyspnea, __________ or excessive perspiration, anxiety, tachycardia, and intercostal muscle retraction.

Type answer

Diaphoresis

Hemoglobin bound to oxygen is bright red in color and is called __________.Type answer

Oxyhemoglobin

Which of the following is a relatively new respiratory disease caused by a virus that is very contagious and sometimes fatal?

SARS

Which of the following prevents food from entering the airway during swallowing?

epiglottis

Another name for an upper respiratory tract infection (URI) or the common cold is _________

Type answer

Coryza

Which of the following is caused by a virus and lasts 5–10 days?

Influenza

The nasal cavity is divided by the __________.

Nasal septum

Allergic __________ is a hypersensitivity reaction to various airborne allergens.

Rhinitis