Definition of Immune System

certain types of blood cells and the lymphatic system

Function of the Lymphatic System

1. Immunity
2. Fluid Balance

Definition of Lymph

watery substance that filters into body tissue.

Where is lymph NOT found (2)

1. Placenta
2. Brain

What does the lymphatic system include? (5)

1. tonsils
2. thymus
3. spleen
4. nodes
5. lymph vessels

What is the difference between an infection and inflammation?

Infection includes the presence of a PATHOGEN while inflammation does not.

What are the 6 Factors involved in a chain of infection? Give an example of each.

1. Pathogen (bacteria)
2. Reservoir (standing water)
3. Place of Exit (mouth)
4. Place of Entry (meatus)
5. Method of Transmission (airborne)
6. Susceptible Host (healthcare workers)

IMMUNE SYSTEM:
definition of nonspecific defenses

effective against any harmful agents

IMMUNE SYSTEM:
definition of specific defenses

effective against certain agents

What are the means of defense of the human body?

-mucous membranes
-skin
-ear hair
-tears
-sneezing

Definition of Phagocytosis

White blood cells take in and destroy waste and foreign material (neurophils and macrophages)

Definition of Natural killer cells

-reconginize body cells with abnormal membranes
-found in lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, blood
-secrete protein

Definition of Inflammation

-heat, redness, swelling, pain
-leukocytes enter tissues

Definition of Fever

release pirogens
-stimulates phagocytes
-increase metabolism
-decrease some organisms ability to multiply

Definition of Interferon

prevent nearby cells from producing more viruses

Definition of Immunity

power to overcome a specific disease agent

What is the difference between inborn immunity and acquired immunity?

Inborn immunity is what a person is born with. Acquired immunity develops after birth, is active or passive, and may be naturally or artificially acquired.

Definition of Naturally Acquired immunity

through contact with a specific disease organism

Definition of Artificially acquired immunity

vaccination can make a person's body manufacture antibodies

What is the Chart of Immunity

Immunity
-inborn
-acquired
natural
active
passive
artificial
active
passive

How to complement proteins respond to antibodies? (4)

1. coats foreign cells
2. destroys cells
3. inflammation
4.attracts phagocytes

Definition of Antigen

foreign substance that enters the body and promotes immune response of certain lymphocytes.

T cells:

-originate in stem cells
-change to t cells in thymus

4 types of t cells:

1. Killer- destroy foreign cells
2. Memory- stay in body and remember antigens
3. Helper- stimulate lyphocytes to help destroy foreign material
4. Regulatory- keeps immune system from being overactive

B cells:

-recognize specific foreign antigens
-stimulates plasma cells and b memory cells

Elephantiasis

accumulation of lymphatic fluid in lower body tissues by parasitic worms

Hodgkin's Disease

cancer of lymph nodes

Allergy

reaction to substances that are normally harmless

Anaphylaxis

allergic response occuring within seconds of exposed allergen.

Splenomegaly

enlargement of spleen

Autoimmune

reaction against the body's own antigens and turns against itself.