front 1 A 78-year-old woman is found unconscious on the floor of her Philadelphia apartment in August. The temperature outside is 102 degrees Fahrenheit and the relative humidity is 94%. The woman's skin is hot and dry. Which of the following conditions is she most likely suffering from? | back 1 Heat stroke |
front 2 An ingested chemical that is used for growth, repair, or maintenance of the body is called a(n) __________. | back 2 nutrient |
front 3 In order to measure the basal metabolic rate, which of the following variables needs to be considered? | back 3 Physical activity, thyroid function, time since last meal and mental state |
front 4 What is the term used to describe the amount of energy liberated in the body per unit of time? | back 4 Metabolic rate |
front 5 Which of the following statements is true regarding why hot, humid weather hinders temperature regulation? | back 5 The humidity decreases the ability to evaporate sweat off the body, and radiation adds heat to the body rather than allowing heat to leave the body. |
front 6 What is the straight muscular tube conveying food from pharynx to the stomach called? | back 6 Esophagus |
front 7 What are the segments of the small intestine in the order through which food passes? | back 7 Duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
front 8 The network of nerves that regulate digestive motility, secretion, and blood flow is called the __________ system. | back 8 enteric nervous |
front 9 Which of the following is a feature that the stomach and the small intestine have in common? | back 9 Goblet cells |
front 10 Which of the following describes the fundus of the stomach? | back 10 It is the domed superior region |
front 11 The peristaltic movement of colonic contents triggered by the gastrocolic reflex approximately 1-3 times per day is called __________. | back 11 mass movement |
front 12 What is the outermost layer of the digestive tract wall? | back 12 Serosa |
front 13 What are the microscopic structural subunits of the liver? | back 13 Hepatic lobules |
front 14 In which direction do the persistaltic contractions of the stomach's smooth muscle move contents? | back 14 From the fundic region to the pyloris |
front 15 What is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food called? | back 15 Digestion |
front 16 In order for digestion to occur, chyme is required to contact the microvilli of the intestinal wall because the __________. | back 16 brush border enzymes are not secreted into the lumen |
front 17 Which organ is located behind the greater curvature of the stomach and acts as both an endocrine and exocrine gland? | back 17 Pancreas |
front 18 Which hormone plays a major role in calcium homeostasis? | back 18 Parathyroid hormone |
front 19 Increased blood osmolarity stimulates hypothalamic osmoreceptors. This triggers the posterior pituitary to release which of the following? | back 19 Antidiuretic hormone |
front 20 Which of the following results when CO2 is eliminated faster than it is produced (for example, during hyperventilation)? | back 20 Respiratory alkalosis |
front 21 A buffer can be generally defined as a mechanism that does which of the following? | back 21 Resists changes in pH |
front 22 Which of the following has the largest effect on plasma sodium concentration? | back 22 ADH |
front 23 The blood, lymph, tissue fluid, and transcellular fluid are all examples of which of the following? | back 23 Fluid compartments |
front 24 What is the source of most of the parasympathetic innervation of the digestive tract? | back 24 Vagus Nerve |
front 25 The most abundant nitrogenous waste of the blood is | back 25 urea. |
front 26 What are Peyer patches, and where are they located? | back 26 Small masses of lymphatic tissue found throughout the ileum region of the small intestine or Lymphatic follicles of the ileum |
front 27 The small intestine is suspended from the dorsal body wall by which structure? | back 27 The mesentery proper |
front 28 The first step leading to angiotensin II production is the secretion of what by the kidneys? | back 28 Renin |
front 29 Which blood vessels of the renal medulla run alongside the nephron loops? | back 29 The peritubular capillaries |
front 30 Which of the following is not found in saliva? | back 30 Pepsinogen |
front 31 Blood pressure in the glomerulus is unusually high compared to other capillaries because the diameter of the __________ is greater than that of the __________. | back 31 Afferent arteriole; Efferent arteriole |
front 32 What is the function of intrinsic factor? | back 32 It assists with absorption of vitamin B in the small intestine. |
front 33 What are the three regions of the male urethra? | back 33 Prostatic, membranous, and penile |
front 34 Jill is running a marathon. Which of the following is not occurring while she runs? | back 34 Increased urine production |
front 35 Which of the following secrete amylase? | back 35 Pancreas and salivary glands |
front 36 Which of the following would be abnormal to find in urine? | back 36 Glucose |
front 37 Which of these is not part of the nephron? | back 37 Collecting duct |
front 38 Which of the following cells produce renin? | back 38 Juxtaglomerular kidney cells |
front 39 Which of the following is the site of contact digestion? | back 39 The brush border of the small intestine |
front 40 If we follow the ureter into the kidney, what is the first structure we find? | back 40 The renal pelvis |
front 41 Which of the following structures reabsorbs glucose and amino acids from the glomerular filtrate? | back 41 Proximal convoluted tubule |
front 42 Where is the swallowing center located? | back 42 The oropharynx |
front 43 What is the life span of epithelial cells in the stomach lining? | back 43 3 to 6 days |